1. Respiratory Diseases

2. Atelectasis
Description: Lack of air in the lungs due to collapse of alveoli in the lung
S/S : Dyspnea, SOB
Causes : Mucous plugs in the bronchial tree in pts. With cystic fibrosis and in heavy smokers, Pneumonia
Treatment: Chest percussion, postural drainage, frequent coughing, and deep breathing exercises, or intermittent positive pressure breathing.

3. Atelectasis

4. Atelectasis

5. Pleurisy
Description: Inflammation of the visceral and parietal pleura it is a complication of pneumonia, TB, chest injury, and other factors.
S/S: Sharp stabbing pain is experience on inspiration due to irritation of the pleural nerve endings as the lungs move, rubbing against the inner chest wall, dyspnea.
Causes: Begins suddenly, complication of pneumonia, TB, chest injury
Treatment: Symptomatic treatment, with bed rest and medications to reduce the inflammation and relieve pain

6. Pleural Effusion
Description: Presence of excess fluid in the pleural space.
S/S: Depress lung tissue and reduces the lungs ability to exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide and hypoxia results in lack of oxygen.
Causes: Over productive or inadequate reabsorption of pleural fluids. Chronic disease – hear failure, liver disease, TB, malignancy, Lupus, RA.
Treatment: Oxygen is administered, drainage of material by thoracentesis and chest tubes. Antibiotics.

7. Pneumothorax
Description: Air or gas accumulates between parietal and visceral pleura, causing collapse of lung tissue.
S/S: sudden, sharp pain made worse by breathing or coughing, unequal chest wall movement.
Causes: A penetrating chest wound by a knife or gunshot or can be spontaneous
Treatment: Bed rest, needle aspiration of the air mass or trochar and suction

8. Pleurisy/ Pneumothorax

9. Pneumothorax

10. Pulmonary Edema
Description: Accumulation of fluid escaping from blood vessels into the lungs.
S/S: Dyspnea, orthopnea, rapid pulse and respirations
Causes: Left ventricular heart failure or mitral valve prolapse.
Treatment: Diuretics, nitroglycerin, high concentrations of oxygen

11. Pulmonary Edema

12. Pulmonary Embolism
Description: Obstruction of the pulmonary artery, blood clot
S/S: Dyspnea, chest pain, rapid heart rate, productive cough
Causes: Long-term immobility
Treatment: Medication, oxygen therapy, aggressive antibiotic therapy, anticoagulant

13. Pulmonary Embolism

14. Pulmonary Embolus

15. Lung perfusion Scan