1. Power Management Controls Project Update, August 2001 Bruce Nordman Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BNordman@LBL.gov http://eetd.LBL.gov/Controls sponsor: California Energy Commission Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) Program

2. Power Management Controls and Indicators Overview Recap of May, 2000 / Project Background Activities / Results Since – Professional Advisory Committee, Institutional Review, Updated Project Plan, Device Assessment, User Interface Literature, Tentative Recommendations Next Steps Questions / Comments

3. Power Management Controls and Indicators Synopsis Goal: To save energy, increase enabling rates of existing power management capability in office equipment. Method: Make power management more consistent and intuitive to users across all office equipment (via a voluntary standard).

4. Power Management Controls and Indicators Standard PM Interface Elements Terms Symbols/Icons Indicators Operating Metaphors Scope: Office Equipment (& Consumer Electronics)

5. Power Management Controls and Indicators Institutional Review Who is Involved in Power Management Controls Standards / Standards Committees (ISO/IEC) –Graphical Symbols for Use on Equipment –Indicator Lights –Others Labeling Programs (e.g. E NERGY S TAR ) Trade Associations (e.g. ITIC) Manufacturers Technology Initiatives / Protocols

6. Power Management Controls and Indicators Professional Advisory Committee (PAC) Provides project with Guidance, Review, Credibility Compaq Hewlett-Packard IBM Intel Microsoft Ricoh Samsung Sony Sun ITIC E NERGY S TAR

7. Power Management Controls and Indicators Topics: High Priority, #1 Basic symbols and switches & buttons Basic indicators Changing power states Transition indicators Underlying archetype of power management behavior, including basic terms

8. Power Management Controls and Indicators Topics: High Priority, #2 Controlled and controlling devices Remote indicators and controls Composite devices and diversity of low-power modes Power management schemes Behavior based on wake event type Linked behavior Interactions with non-power modes

9. Power Management Controls and Indicators Topics: Medium / Low Priority Disability Culture Temporary changes System status after power failure Terminology Miscellaneous Language Batteries Role of the term E NERGY S TAR Self-monitoring

10. Power Management Controls and Indicators Literature Insights Project Rationale Existing Designs Approach Design Principles Metaphor Modes General UI Lit. not specific to power controls Interactions / Transitions Indicator Lights Icons Norman / Macintosh

11. Power Management Controls and Indicators Initial Recommendations Three basic power states: On, Off, Sleep Power term (switch / indicator) Change the international standard symbols for on/off, standby, and sleep Green / Amber / Off for power indicators Sleep metaphor (and moon)

12. Power Management Controls and Indicators Three Basic States On, Off, Sleep Within a state, device has consistent capability, behavior (e.g. state change) May have more states, but all mapped into forms of the basic three Hibernate problematic, but tentatively a form of Off

13. Power Management Controls and Indicators The Term Power For indicators, switches/buttons Need standard translation Possible international word (voice)

14. Power Management Controls and Indicators Power Symbols Drop as a symbol. Change meaning of from Standby to Power and too similar. Recommendation is most consistent with current usage on products.

15. Power Management Controls and Indicators Indicators Use Green / Amber / Off for On / Sleep / Off Blinking only for transitions or non-power meanings Possible standard (optional) audio indications Cyberspace?

16. Power Management Controls and Indicators Sleep - Metaphor and Symbol Sleep is most compelling metaphor, and has clear extensions (e.g. waking up). is already common and seems clear

17. Power Management Controls and Indicators PC Sample State Diagram

18. Power Management Controls and Indicators Next Steps More devices Other topics Outreach, esp. designers Testing

19. Power Management Controls and Indicators Questions / Comments Process Recommendations