1. Variables noise or quiet test score IV DV
The independent variable (IV) is what we manipulate.
And the dependent variable (DV) is what we measure – because it depends on what we do IV DV
noise or quiet
test score

2. Extraneous Variables
Extraneous variables are things that could have an effect on the results – if we don’t control for them
There are two types of extraneous variables
Situational: variables in the situation such as light, heat, noise
Participant: variables within the participant such as personality, IQ, gender

3. Confounding variables
Extraneous variables are the ones that could affect your research unless controlled.
If you fail to control them and they do affect your research, they become confounding variables.