1. The Building of European Supremacy
Society and Politics To
World War I

2. C/C the 1st & 2nd Industrial Rev’s:
1st Industrial Revolution
Textile, steam, iron based
British began
Rural > urban migration
Changes in gender roles & family structure
Consumerism in GB
  Middle Class
  social problems
2nd Industrial Revolution
Steel, Oil, Chemical & Electricity based
>>Continental Europe… Belgium, F, Germany
Bessemer & Solway Processes… R&D
Daimler… Ford … OIL, STEEL, GLASS, RUBBER, etc. Autos!!!
Expanding consumerism
White Collar / Petite Bourgeoisie
More social problems

3. What resulted from Migration + Industrialization?
Industrialization created two worlds –
Developed & undeveloped nations
Migration patterns expanded due to industrialization & transportation developments
From rural to urban
From Europe to other regions of the world

4. What were the effects of the Industrial Revolutions?
Poor Working Conditions & Wages
Child Labor
Changing Role of Women
Coal Mining
Urbanization
Education
Class Structure
Production
Modernization of Cities & Buildings
Modern Inventions

5. What were the effects of the Industrial Revolutions
What were the effects of the Industrial Revolutions? Talk to a partner and brainstorm
Negatives ?
Positives ?

6. What were the responses to the effects of the Industrial Revolution?

7. What were the responses to the effects of the Industrial Revolution?
Improved health, housing & sanitation
Public Health Act 1875
Pave, Light, Sweep streets
City inspectors
Water Quality… filters
Housing redesign
Sewers
Underground
Personal Hygiene
Public Bath Houses
Food
Quality, Preservatives
Safety
Professional Police Force = Cops & Bobbies

8. What were the responses to the effects of the Industrial Revolution?

9. What were the responses to the effects of the Industrial Revolution?
Reform Act 1832 aka Great Refom
Greater equality in voting rights
No Rotten Boroughs
More representation for urban areas
Althorp Act 1833
No Child under 9 works
9 hour day for 9-13 year olds
12 hour day for year olds
No night shifts
Other Laws 1840s
No women or girls/boys under 10 in mines
Mandatory education + Safety improvements

10. What were the responses to the effects of the Industrial Revolution?
Utopian Socialism
Robert Owen – New Lanark
Improve workers conditions
Fed, housed & clothed kids
Good wages & conditions
Generate loyalty
Went Bankrupt when tried in USA… Why?

11. What were the responses to the effects of the Industrial Revolution?

12. What were the responses to the effects of the Industrial Revolution?
Union Movement Grows…
Banned in GB until 1824
Lacked Gov’t support
Trade Union Congress 1868
5 big unions collaborate
Right to Strike 1870s
New Union Movement
Includes semi- & unskilled
Unions seek…
Better wages, benefits, hours, conditions…
Collective Bargaining

13. What factors led to the rise of the European working class in the late 1800s?
Unionism
Grows with legal recognition and protection
Shift to include both skilled & unskilled labor
Provides a means to confront inequity
Democratization
Expansion of the franchise
Universal Male Suffrage
Liberal political parties form… “Socialist”
Reform inevitable due to a political voice

14. Analyze the Cartoon

15. Other responses to the effects of the Industrial Revolution:
New Ideas by Marx & Engels
“Workers of the world unite! You have nothing to lose but your chains!”
Communist Manifesto
Bourgeoisie vs. Proletariat
Violent revolution by Proletariat
Dictatorship of the Proletariat
End game = stateless, classless society
Socialist political parties in Europe & around the globe

16. How did socialism develop in Europe?
Marxism & the First International – 1860s
Organized info & communicated
Marxism = dominant form of socialist thought in mid 1800s
Great Britain = Orderly Reform
Keir Hardie – 1892 – 1st worker > Parliament
Trade Union Congress >> Labour Party develops
Fabian Society = change via existing means
Government action
France = Socialist Factions, Anarchist Roots
Jean Jaures = cooperation with bourgeoisie to reform
Jules Guesde = overthrow of
Georges Sorel = Achieve goals via action = STRIKE
Germany = Social Welfare Development
SPD survives Bismarck >> social welfare laws
Erfurt Program >> Kautsky = improve workers’ lives
Revisionism >> Bernstein = social reform not revolution

17. INDUSTRIALISM RAFT: You are a newspaper journalist… after researching the realities & effects of the Industrial Revolution, write a one-page RAFT editorial style that comments on: Industrialization, is it worth it? Include both the positive & negative, communicate a clear position and justify it

18. Industrialization Effects RAFT
A Dateline & catchy Headline
An Introduction ¶
Your opinion of whether the effects on individuals & society are mostly positive, negative or mixed, make a clear choice
A ¶ on the positive effects on people & society
A ¶ on the negative effects on people & society
A ¶ of 2-3 recommendations on improvement
A visual
Relevant picture, graph, cartoon, etc
Refer to five (5) different aspects of the Ind. Rev. (think SPRITE minus religion)

19. What was life like for Women in late 19th c. Europe?
Social Disabilities
Property Law + Identity
Family Law + Education Limits
Employment
Pink Collar = Low Wages
Assumptions?
Separate Spheres = Casual Work
Oversupply + Poverty = Legalized Prostitution
The Middle Class Woman
Cult of Domesticity… Religion, Charity, Family Size
Political Feminism
Class Division, Nationalism, Mixed Message >> ??
SUFFRAGE! Millicent Fawcett v. Emmeline Pankhurst

20. Explain

21. What were the population and migration trends in the mid 19th c.?

22. Explain

25. What were the responses to the effects of the Industrial Revolution?
Urban Renewal
Redesign of Cities
Paris – Georges Haussmann
Modernizing & Rebuilding
Shopping & Recreation
New structures
Eiffel, Subway, Sacre Couer
Suburbs & Shopping
Sanitation – Sewers & Water
Housing – Safe, Comfortable, Sanitary & Affordable 

26. La Belle Epoch: Late 19th c. Change

27. La Belle Epoch: Late 19th c. Change

28. La Belle Epoch: Late 19th c. Change

29. Industrialism Document Analysis
Set up groups
Receive info matrix
Receive document
Analyze & discuss it (both sides) as a group & list key info on your matrix
Use it as a resource for RAFT assignment

30. How did Jewish people fare in 19th c. Europe?
Late 1700s >> Late 1800s Progress
Western & Central Europe
Increasing tolerance & acceptance
Citizenship & Legal Rights = Opportunity
Limitations to Progress
Russia & Eastern Europe
Intolerance & Persecution… Pogrom
Emigration late 1800s
Anti-Semitism in G & F >> Zionism

31. Russian Socialism: Politics & Economics
Sergei Witte = Industrialization
Gov’t Planning + French $ = Growth
Trans-Siberian RR, Coal, Iron, Textile…
Russian Problems
Agricultural inequity… high taxes, low prices, kulaks $$
Proletarian Issues.. No unions, poor conditions
Divided Socialism…
Social Revolutionary Party = no industry
Constitutional Democratic Party = constitutional monarchy

32. Russian Socialism: Politics & Economics
Leninism
Revolution, not reform
**Elite directs the revolution
Bolsheviks dominates Mensheviks
Russo – Japanese War
R loses war, people lose confidence
Bloody Sunday in St. Petersburg
Protestors murdered = No trust in gov’t
1905 Revolution
Strikes > Soviets created > Nicholas II v. Duma – reactions?