1. Social Structure and Groups

2. Two or more people who identify and interact with each other
Social Groups
Two or more people who identify and interact with each other

3. Couples
Families
Friend circles
Churches
Clubs
Business organizations
Neighborhoods

4. Categories vs crowds Category Crowd Status in common
May interact or could be complete strangers
Loosely formed collection of people in one space Interact is limited if at all

5. Primary Groups
Small social group in which members share personal and lasting relationships
Spend a lot of time together
“Belong together”
First experiences with a group (siblings)
Personal orientation
Examples: Families

6. Secondary groups
Large and impersonal group whose members pursue a specific goal or activity.
Weak emotional ties
Little personal knowledge of each other
Short term (use is over when the activity ends)
Larger than a primary group
Good Orientation
Formal and polite
Example: Co-workers, classmates

7. Instrumental Leadership
Group leadership that focuses on a completion of a task
Make plans
Give orders
Concentration: performance
Secondary relationships
Respect

8. Expressive Leadership
Focus is on the group’s well-being
Raise group morale
Minimize tensions
Building ties
Primary relationships
Affection

9. Fathers vs Mothers (“Old days”)
Cultural norms labelled:
Fathers – Instrumental Leaders
Children would “respect” them
Mother – Expressive Leaders
Children had more personal relationships

10. Group Conformity
“Fitting in”
Peer Pressure

11. In-group vs Out-group In-group Out-group
Social group toward which a member feels respect and loyalty
Social group toward which a person feels a sense of competition or opposition.