1. Western Civilization I Introduction
How We Know about the Past and Why We Study It

2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologic_time_scale
Ga=giga anum: one billion years
Age of universe: 13.8 Ga
Homo: 3 Ma (not 2 Ma)

3. Ashfall Fossil Beds. 10-12 million YBP

4.
Anthropocene: 8000 ybp, 2000 ybp, 1750, 1950, 1960s
Homo sapiens: ~250 kybp; Homo sapiens sapiens: ~200 kypb; behavioral modernity: ~70/50 kybp
Anthropocene?

5. Cuneiform from slide show Ancient Near East; papyrus from http://www
Cuneiform from slide show Ancient Near East; papyrus from bible from