1. Introduction to Pathophysiology

2. Definitions
Pathophysiology-the physiology of abnormal states; specifically the functional changes that accompany a particular syndrome or disease
patho- disease
physio- physical or relationship to nature
-ology- study of

3. “Patho- “ Definitions Pathologist- one who studies disease Surgical
Clinical
Forensic
Pathogens- microorganisms or agents that cause disease
Pathologic- caused by a disease
Pathogenesis- description of how a disease progresses

4. Definitions So what is disease “dis-ease”?
Change in structure or function that is considered abnormal
Condition in which symptoms occur
ALTERATION OF HOMEOSTASIS

5. Definitions
Disorder- derangement or abnormality of function Syndrome- group of symptoms, which might be caused by a specific disease but might also be caused by several interrelated problems

6. Definitions Pathogenesis of disease can be described as :
Acute- sudden onset/ often short term (days or weeks)
Chronic- disease last for extended period of time or has long healing period
Remission- symptoms are diminished or temporarily resolved
Exacerbation-when symptoms flare up

7. Definitions Etiology- the study of the cause of a disease
Idiopathic- of unknown origin
Nosocomial- disease was aquired in hospital setting
Iatrogenic- problem arose from a prescribed treatment

8. Predisposing Factors
Also known as RISK FACTORS- not cause but can make a person more susceptible to disease
Age
Sex
Environment
Lifestyle
Heredity

9. Definitions Diagniosis- identification or naming of a disease
Signs- what the health care worker sees and/or measures
Auscultation- listening with stethoscope
Palpation- feeling lightly
Percussion- tapping over body areas to hear sounds
Symptoms- what the patient reports

10. Definitions Prognosis- predicted outcome for disease
Complication- prognosis time is changed; onset of a second disease
Survival rate- % of people who live for a set time
Mortality rate- death rate
also known as fatal, lethal, or terminal

11. Definitions Treatment (Therapeutic)
Holistic medicine- treating the whole person rather than just the disease
Physiological, spiritual, psychological, sociocultural, intellectual
Interventions
Medicine
Surgery
Exercise
Nutritional modifications
Therapy (speech, physical, mental, etc)
Education

12. Definitions Treatment (continued) Best plan is preventive plan
Should be followed up and modified as needed
Other treatment: palliative treatment- prevention of pain but not seeking cure for the disease