1. Abdominoplasty M.Hossein Azough (Student of Surgical Squad) Dr B.Shervani Assistant : Dr B.Shervani (Student of Pharmacy) Autumn 2018

2. Headline Describe and Define of Abdominoplasty Procedure Epidemiology Frequency,Etiology and Pathophysiology of that Types of Operation route and risk factor after operative Recovery time-line and orders Video clip of Abdominoplasty operation with subtitle Index

3. Describe tummy tuckAbdominoplasty or "tummy tuck" is a cosmetic surgery procedure used to make the abdomen thinner and more firm. surgeryAppointment : The surgery involves the removal of excess skin and fat from the middle and lower abdomen in order to tighten the muscle and fascia of the abdominal wall. surgeryThis type of surgery is usually sought by patients with loose or sagging tissues after pregnancy or major weight loss.

4. Define & illustrate Quadrants of abdomen human abdomenThe human abdomen is divided into regions by anatomists and physicians for purposes of study, diagnosis, and therapy. 4 scheme quadrant9 scheme quadrant

5. Epidemiology Frequency,Etiology and Pathophysiology EpidemiologyEpidemiology : According to the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery's 2008 Cosmetic Surgery National Data Bank, the number of Abdominoplasty procedures performed has increased approximately 333% since 1997. EtiologyEtiology : The most common cause of abdominal deformity is pregnancy, most often multiple pregnancies. Pregnancy stretches the skin beyond its biomechanical capability to spring back and stretches the musculoaponeurotic structures of the abdominal wall. The result is stretching and thinning of these structures and diastase of the rectus muscle. Postpartum weight loss also contributes to the process. If skin retraction has not occurred in approximately 6 months, it probably will not occur. Massive weight loss, whether from dieting or after a gastric bypass surgery, also plays a role in excess skin and laxity of the abdominal wall. PathophysiologyPathophysiology : The Pathophysiology of the abdominal deformity is 2-fold. It includes (1) excess skin and subcutaneous tissue and (2) laxity of the abdominal wall musculature.

6. Operation Procedures Complete AbdominoplastyComplete Abdominoplasty An incision is made from hip to hip just above the pubic area. Another incision is made to free the navel from the surrounding skin. The skin is detached from the abdominal wall to reveal the muscles and fascia to be tightened. The muscle fascia wall is tightened with sutures. Liposuction is often used to refine the transition zones of the abdominal sculpture. A dressing and sometimes a compression garment are applied and any excess fluid from the site is drained.

7. Operation Procedures Partial [Mini] AbdominoplastyPartial [Mini] Abdominoplasty A smaller incision is made. The skin and fat of the lower abdomen are detached in a more limited fashion from the muscle fascia. The skin is stretched down and excess skin removed. Sometimes the belly button stalk is divided from the muscle below and the belly button slid down lower on the abdominal wall. Sometimes a portion of the abdominal muscle fascia wall is tightened. Liposuction is often used to contour the transition zone. The flap is stitched back into place.

8. Operation Procedures Extended AbdominoplastyExtended Abdominoplasty : An extended abdominoplasty is a complete abdominoplasty plus a lateral thigh lift. High lateral tension tummy tuckHigh lateral tension tummy tuck : In this new method, known as high lateral tension abdominoplasty, in addition to vertical-line tightening, muscles are tightened horizontally. Floating Abdominoplasty or FAB TechniqueFloating Abdominoplasty or FAB Technique : This new technique, also known as an extended mini abdominoplasty, allows for tightening and shaping through a smaller incision that isn't placed around the belly button. Circumferential abdominoplastyCircumferential abdominoplasty : An extended abdominoplasty plus a buttock lift. Combination proceduresCombination procedures

9. Recovery time-line Depends on the problem to be treated, surgical technique(s), and other factors. Can take one to four weeks and patients are advised to take at least a portion of this recovery time off from work. Heavy lifting is best avoided during this time. Initially there may be bruising and discomfort. A supportive abdominal binder or compression garment can minimize swelling / bruising, and support the repaired tissues. This compression garment is also effective in helping the skin in the treated area conform to its new shape. Patients are advised to avoid all forms of nicotine for a month or longer prior to surgery and also during the recovery period. Full recovery takes 3–6 months, with further fading of scars thereafter. Scars may appear red and prominent at first, but with proper care, they heal into a thin, silvery line.

10. Possible risks 1.Bleeding 2.Fluid accumulation 3.Poor wound healing 4.Skin loss 5.Numbness or other changes in skin sensation 6.Anesthesia complications 7.Skin discoloration and/or prolonged swelling 8.Fatty tissue found deep in the skin might die (fat necrosis) 9.Major wound separation 10.Asymmetry 11.Recurrent looseness of skin 12.Pain, which may persist 13.Persistent swelling in the legs 14.Nerve damage 15.Possibility of revisional surgery 16.Hematoma (may occur in 3 to 4% of cases) 17.Keloid (heavy scar) 18.Seroma 19.Suture rupture 20.Swelling 21.Visible scar 22.Death

11. Index Your patient Online Dixit, VV; Wagh, MS (May 2013). "Unfavourable outcomes of liposuction and their management". Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery. Seretis, Konstantinos; Goulis, Dimitrios G; Koliakos, Georgios; Demiri, Efterpi (2015). "Short- and Long-Term Effects of Abdominal Lipectomy on Weight and Fat Mass in Females: A Systematic Review". Kelly HA. Excision of fat of the abdominal wall lipectomy. Surg Gynecol Obstet. Pitanguy I. Abdominolipectomy: An approach to it through an analysis of 300 consecutive cases.