1. The Tapestry of Friendship
Ellen Goodman
Lectured by zhaoqiaomei

2. Analysis the long sentences in the text
Background of the text 1
Text comprehension 2
Text structure 3
Language points 4
Analysis the long sentences in the text 5

3. Background information( discussion) 1) What’s friendship?
Background of the text 1
Background information( discussion)
1) What’s friendship?
2) What can friendship give?
3) What makes a good friendship?
4) What’s the kinds of friendship?
5) appreciation of different friendship

4. About the author Ellen Goodman
She is an American original. Her abundant talents--intellect, wit, style, news judgment--set her apart with an élan uniquely her own. Her Pulitzer Prize winning commentary appears in more than 375 newspapers.

5. About the author:
Ellen Goodman, is a Boston Globe Online columnist and a stylish writer with a humanizing touch on any issue, public or personal. She is widely acclaimed as a voice of sanity, and readers depend on her to help them make sense of their changing lives and relationships.

6. What’s friendship? F: Friendly R: Respect I: Integrity E: Encouraging
N: Nice
D: Diversity
S: Sincerity
H: Helpful
I: Individual
P: Politeness

7. Always treating people the way you would want them to treat you.
Respect
Always treating people the way you would want them to treat you.
Friendly
A Friendly person should always smile and say hello when greeting other people.

8. Doing something good for someone when no one is looking.
Integrity
Doing something good for someone when no one is looking.
Encouraging
Always lift up your friends spirits with positive words and actions.

9. Always being courteous, pleasant, and never misbehave.
Nice
Always being courteous, pleasant, and never misbehave.
Diversity
Always respect others differences: gender, abilities, culture, race, and ethnicity

10. Always speak and act genuinely.
Sincerity
Always speak and act genuinely.
Helpful
You should assist others when they are in need.

11. Do not be a follower. Do not sacrifice character.
Individual
Do not be a follower. Do not sacrifice character.
Politeness
Always show consideration for others.

12. In conclusion, be FRIENDLY, treat each other with RESPECT, act with INTEGRITY, be ENCOURAGING, be NICE, encourage DIVERSITY, act with SINCERITY, be HELPFUL, be an INDIVIDUAL, and show POLITENESS.
Then, you will have
F.R.I.E.N.D.S.H.I.P.

13. What can friendships give?
Fun
Ways To Share Feelings
Learn New Skills
Find Understanding and Support
Ways To Feel Needed And Useful
You Can Be Yourself

14. What Makes A Good Friendship?
Shared Interests
Shared Values
Trust
Honesty
Respect
Cooperation
Reliability
Support
Understanding
Sensitivity
Forgiveness
Tolerance

15. How to make friends
Go where people are most friends you make who have the same interests you do.
Be a friend to yourself- don’t put yourself down.
Be cheerful- smile, don’t always wait for the other person to speak first.

16. Be yourself- no one is perfect
Be yourself- no one is perfect. Your friends won’t expect you to be, so it is best to just be yourself.
Don’t expect perfection in your friends -like you, your friends will make mistakes now and then. Laugh with them about it, but don’t put them down.
Friendship is give and take- friendship is sharing things like feelings, plans, and dreams. To make and keep a friend, you have to give as well as take. Learn to compromise.

17. Realize you will sometimes disagree with your friend- nobody agrees all the time. Disagreements don’t have to mean the end of a relationship.
Give your friend space- almost everyone likes to be alone sometime. Give your friend space to have other friends, too.
Be choosy about your friends- real friends will not ask you to do things that are harmful and against the law.
Let people know that you are interested in them. Don’t just talk about yourself; ask questions about them.

18. So-----
TO HAVE A FRIEND…BE A FRIEND!
Remember the Golden Rule of Friendship…TREAT OTHERS AS YOU’D LIKE TO BE TREATED!
SOMEWHERE OUT THERE, A FRIENDSHIP IS WAITING TO START!

21. International Friendship Day
August 6 is International Friendship Day for 2006, time to recognize your friends and their contribution to your life. Friendship helps to bring peace and positively to the globe - a great reason to celebrate!
Friendship Day occurs on the first Sunday of August - only once a year - so make the most of it! :) Friends come in many shapes, sizes and guises: school friends, work colleagues, siblings, partners, parents, pets and neighbors. Pull out all the stops and let your friends know they are truly appreciated!

22. The kinds of friendships
Same Gender
Male-female
Group

23. Friendship between male and female

24. Friendship between Women
A woman didn‘t come home one night.  The next day she told her husband that she had slept over at a girlfriend’s house.  Then man called his wife's 10 best friends.  None of them knew anything about it.

25. Friendship between Men
A man didn‘t come home one night. The next day he told his wife that he slept over at a buddy's house.  The woman called her husband's 10 best friends.  Eight of them confirmed that he had slept over, and two claimed he was still there!

26. GENDER PATTERNS IN FRIENDSHIPS
Women's Friendships
Men's Friendships
Friendships Between Men and Women
Gender Patterns in Friendships Between People With and Without Disabilities
After-class reading

27. About the text
This text is taken from Close to Home, which was published by The Boston Globe Company / Washington Post Writers Group in 1979.
This text distinguishes two kinds of friendship: that between men and that between women. It can be divided into four parts.

28. Part I paragraph 1-2
In this part the author reveals what kind of film the woman had just seen and what attitude she had to it.
What kind of film did the woman see?
What did she think of it?

29. Part II paragraph 3-6
This part describes the woman’s observation of the shift of focus of the cinema and advances the argument for the distinction between the two types of friendship: that between men and that between women.
Why does the author list the movies the woman had seen?

30. What led the woman to think that the cinema has drastically shifted its focus?
What was the shift?
Do you agree on the point of the distinction between the two types of friendship? Give your own reasons.

31. Part III paragraph 7-18
This part discusses in detail the distinctions between the Male Buddiness and the Female Friendship.
Generally speaking, the former is action-oriented while the latter is emotion-oriented, i. e., the Male Buddiness is based on the need for co-operation in the activities that men are engaged in or in the adverse situations they are confronted with. In contrast, the Female Friendship borders on love, the need for mutual emotional support.

32. What’s the fundamental difference between buddies and friends?
What are the conditions of men becoming buddies and of women becoming friends?
Why was the woman shocked by men’s description of friendship?

33. Part IV paragraph 19
This part is the Conclusion of the text, which restates the distinction between the two types of friendship. What ways do buddies and friends differ? Buddies are those you can do things together with in your lifetime, but friends are those with whom you can share roses and thorns in your life.

34. Language Work
1.tapestry n. something resembling a richly and complexly designed cloth 2.budget n. the amount of money needed or available for a particular purpose 3.chase n. an act of pursuing someone or something

36. cosmic: 1) very great This earthquake was a disaster of cosmic scale.
2) relating to the universe
The other great cosmic reality is time.
What happens in their lives is influenced by ~ forces.

38. 4. shoot-out n. a decisive gun battle 5. cosmic a. limitless; vast 6
4.shoot-out n. a decisive gun battle 5.cosmic a. limitless; vast 6.affecting a. inspiring strong emotion; moving 7.pan v. swing (a video or film camera) to follow an object to have an all-round view of it

39. tapestry

40. Flick: crack flip jerk snap strike
By a flick of his whip, he drove the fly from the horse's head.
他用鞭子轻抽了一下, 将马头上的苍蝇驱走。
He flicked at the spot with a napkin.
他用餐巾轻轻 擦了一下这块斑迹。
to flick the switch
轻轻地按开关
He hit the ball with just a flick of the wrist.
＂他只用手腕轻轻一抖，打出了那个球。＂

41. Hair
flicking

42. 8.fragility n. (of an object) being easily broken or damaged
9.resiliency n. the ability to recover readily
10.tissue n. network; web
11.drastic a. extreme or radical drastically ad. extremely or radically

43. casual trendy formal

44. Binge on drink

45. a week-end binge 周末狂饮
a shopping binge 抢购
a gambling binge 嗜赌狂；
An eating binge 暴食
an orgy of spending 无节制消费
They went on a binge last night.
他们昨夜出去狂饮作乐。

46. 15.trendy a. very fashionable or up to date in style or influence trendiness n. (of a thing) being fashionable or up to date 16.verite n. a genre of film, television, and radio programmes emphasizing realism and naturalism 17.celluloid n. a kind of plastic that cinema film used to be made of

47. The only relationship that gave meaning to the claustrophobic life of George Babbitt had been with Paul Riesling.
What made the claustrophobic life of George Babbitt meaningful had been his relationship with Paul Riesling; without his relationship with Paul Riesling George Babbitt would have found his claustrophobic life meaningless.

48. Structural Analysis
In the text the author discusses the differences between a buddy and a friend in a forceful way. We can summarize the author’s viewpoint with the following sentence: A buddy is a fine life-companion but a friend is that part the race with which you can be human.

49. The more specific differences between a buddy and a friend are:
1.  Buddies bonded, but friends loved.
2. Buddies faced adversity together, but friends faced each other.
3. Buddies seemed to “do” things together; friends simply “were” together.

50. Rhetorical Features
To show the differences between buddiness and friendship effectively, the author of the text coordinates sentences in various ways. Sometimes he uses conjunctions such as but, yet and while. And sometimes he simply puts two clauses together without using any conjunction at all.

51. For example:
1) Buddies bonded, but friends loved.
2) Buddies faced adversity together, but friends faced each other.
3)Men affect each other in the reflection of noble or friendly acts, whilst women ask fewer proofs and more signs and expressions of attachment.
4) Men often keep their buddies in these categories while women keep a special category for friends.

52. proverbs I cannot be your friend and your flatterer too. 朋友不能阿谀奉承。
Keep good men company and you shall be of the number. 近朱者赤，近墨者黑。 Life without a friend is death. 没有朋友，虽生犹死。
He is a good friend that speaks well of us behind our backs. 背后说好话，才是真朋友。

53. Friendship( 超链接） Snoopy’s friendship My friend Children friendship
Of friendship (Bacon)