1. III. Changes of State (p. 372 - 382)
Ch Liquids & Solids
III. Changes of State (p )

2. A. Phase Changes

3. A. Phase Changes Evaporation
molecules at the surface gain enough energy to overcome IMF
Volatility
measure of evaporation rate
depends on temp & IMF

4. A. Phase Changes Equilibrium
trapped molecules reach a balance between evaporation & condensation

5. A. Phase Changes Patm b.p. IMF b.p. Boiling Point
temp at which v.p. of liquid equals external pressure
depends on Patm & IMF
Normal B.P. - b.p. at 1 atm
Patm
b.p.
IMF
b.p.

6. A. Phase Changes IMF m.p. Melting Point equal to freezing point
Which has a higher m.p.?
polar or nonpolar?
covalent or ionic?
polar
ionic

7. A. Phase Changes Sublimation solid  gas
v.p. of solid equals external pressure
EX: dry ice, mothballs, solid air fresheners