1. Stress Management

2. Stress in students
Stress: The human reaction to events in our environment
Han Selye defines stress as wear and tear on the body

3. STRESS!!! Eustress: Good Stress Getting into college Getting engaged
Winning the lottery

4. STRESS !!! Distress: Stress from bad sources
Difficult work environment
Overwhelming sights and sounds
Threat of personal injury

5. FOUR TYPES OF STRESS 1. General Stress:
Everyone has this kind of stress
It resolves itself within a day or two
No intervention is necessarily required

6. FOUR TYPES OF STRESS 2. Cumulative Stress:
Stress builds up in your body
It becomes more difficult to alleviate your symptoms
You may have more serious physical symptoms
You may have more serious mental anguish

7. FOUR TYPES OF STRESS 3. Acute Traumatic Stress:
Critical Incident Stress
Produces considerable psychological distress
A normal reaction to abnormal events

8. FOUR TYPES OF STRESS 4. Post Traumatic Stress:
Severe stress produced by severe psychological trauma
Created by unresolved Critical Incident Stress
Produces lasting changes

9. General Adaptation Syndrome
Stage I - Alarm Reaction
The “fight or flight” response which causes you to be ready for physical activity
However, it decreases the effectiveness of the immune system which makes you more susceptible to illness

10. General Adaptation Syndrome
Stage II – Stage of adaptation
If stress continues, the body adapts to the stressors it is being exposed to
If the stressor is starvation, the person experiences a reduced desire for physical activity to conserve energy, and the absorption of nutrients from any food intake is maximized

11. General Adaptation Syndrome
Stage III – Stage of Exhaustion
Stress persists for a long time
The body’s resistance may be reduced or collapse quickly
People who experience long-term stress may have heart attacks, severe infections, or chronic pain or illness

12. Short Term Physical Stress Symptoms
Dry mouth
Cool skin
Cold hands and feet
Increased sweating
Rapid breathing
Faster heart rate
Tense muscles
Feelings of nausea
Butterflies in your stomach
Diarrhea
A desire to urinate

13. Long Term Physical Stress Symptoms
Insomnia
Change in Appetite
Sexual disorders
Aches and pains
Frequent colds
Feelings of intense and long-term tiredness
Prone to illness

14. BEHAVIORAL STRESS SYMPTOMS
Yawning
Talking too fast
Talking too loud
Fiddling
Twitching
Nail biting
Grinding teeth
Drumming fingers
Pacing
Over reacting
Emotional
Defensive
Irritable
Irrational
Hostile
Critical
Aggressive

15. BEHAVIOR STRESS SYMPTOMS
These symptoms will have a negative affect on your performance
By reducing your effectiveness
Making you accident prone
Causing you to be forgetful
Causing you to be very negative
You may neglect your appearance
You may make poor judgments
Causing you to make more mistakes
Increasing your absenteeism

16. PERFORMANCE STRESS SYMPTOMS
You may not make good decisions
Your fine motor skills are affected
You may no longer enjoy your work
Your attention span may be affected
You may have more negative thoughts
Your self confidence will suffer
You may have difficulty concentrating
All of your positive energy is consumed

17. Legal Overview of Stress at Work
HEALTH AND SAFETY IN EMPLOYMENT ACT 1992 (sect 6)
Every employer shall take all practicable steps to ensure the safety of employees while at work.

18. HEALTH AND SAFETY IN EMPLOYMENT ACT 1992 (sect 7)
Every employer shall ensure that there are in place effective methods for identifying existing hazards, and (if possible before they arise) new hazards to employees at work.

19. Types of Stressors Family- death, chronic illness, divorce, adultery
Environmental- living alone, racism, poverty
Educational- illiteracy, lack of employment skills
Occupational- unemployment, layoffs, shift work
Housing- unsafe neighborhood, landlord issues, homelessness
Financial- credit card problems, bankruptcy, bill payments.
Health- lack of services, health problems.

20. STRESS RELATED ILLNESSES
Stress is not the same as ill-health, but has been related to such illnesses as:
Depression
Sleeping Problems
Chronic Pain
Anxiety

21. COSTS OF STRESS
The costs of stress related problems is something which is often overlooked within organizations. There are both direct and opportunity costs involved as a result of stress in the organization:
Up to 40% of absence is related to stress.
When stressed, performance can be reduced by up to 70%

22. Stress at Work
Work related stress means the process which arises where work demands of various types of combinations which exceed the person’s capability to cope.
Work related stress is a significant cause of illness and disease and is known to be linked with high levels of sickness absence, staff turnover and other indicators of organizational underperformance including human error.

23. FACTORS INFLUENCING WORK STRESS
Top 10 Work Stress Factors:
Working long hours at the office
Exposure to traumatic incidents at work
Finding it hard to say no to a task for fear of loosing your job
Feeling undervalued at work
Boredom
Frustration
Having little control of your working day
Fear of redundancy
Workplace victimization or bullying
Dealing with constant change in the workplace

24. Stress Management

25. CAUSES OF STRESS
External Stresses
Internal Stresses

26. External – Organization (work)

27. EXTERNAL STRESSES - MAJOR LIFE EVENTS
Divorce
Marriage
Death of someone
Buying Property
Pregnancy
Starting or ending school
Retirement

28. INTERNAL STRESS Nutritional Status Attitudes
Feelings of anger, fear, worry, anticipation
Emotional well-being
Sleeping Patterns
Thoughts

29. HEALTHY LIVING TO CONQUER STRESS
Examine your diet
Lower your salt intake
Lower your intake of refined sugars and carbohydrates
Lower your caffeine intake
Add to your diet
Vegetables
Fruits
Complex Carbohydrates
Vitamins
Water

30. Ways to Conquer Stress

31. HEALTHY LIVING
Rest:
Get an approximate minimum of six hours of continuous rest

32. HEALTHY LIVING Exercise: At least twenty minutes, five times a week
break a sweat, to release endorphins

33. HEALTHY LIVING
Talk things out with someone you trust - a family member or a good friend

34. HEALTHY LIVING Make an increased effort to organize your life
Ask for help
Delegate things when you need to

35. HEALTHY LIVING Learn to manage your anger Anger affects your health
Anger causes you to over react to many situations

36. HEALTY LIVING
We get angry often because someone did not do what we thought they should
Rethink the situation and learn to be more flexible

37. HEALTHY LIVING Fill your life with fun things to do!!!!
Keep your sense of humor!!!!
We call it : PLAY THERAPY

38. HEALTHY LIVING Take charge of your life.
Act appropriately -don’t simply react to stressful situations
Find balance in all that you do.

39. HEALTHY LIVING
Too many people look for an easy answer to stress management by misusing
Alcohol
Drugs
Marijuana
Medicines & Pills

40. HEALTHY LIVING
We all need a lengthy list of things that will help us relax…..
I love horse back riding.

41. HEALTHY LIVING
Relaxing needs to be part of your daily routine.

42. HEALTHY LIVING
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43. HEALTHY LIVING
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44. HEALTHY LIVING
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