1. Warm-Up
Write your HW down.
Project Due Weds.
1.) Which 3 European Countries competed for control of the New World? 2. ) Who was the Spanish Explorer who first explored parts of Georgia in 1540? 3.) List 3 reasons for exploration of the new world. 4.) FINISH RAFT Assignment at the end of the class period.

2. DISCOVERY OF A NEW WORLD
SS8H1: The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
c. Explain reasons for European exploration and settlement of North America with emphasis on the interests of the French, Spanish, and British in the southeastern area.
EQ: With what European countries and/or individuals did the Mississippian Culture come into contact with and how did this contact affect the Mississippian Culture?

3. Notes on New World Exploration and Colonization

4. Colonization of the Southeast ENGLAND
First Permanent Colony:
Jamestown, VA
Result of English attack on New Amsterdam:
England took control; renamed city New York
Philosophy: Why were they colonizing? Explain mercantilism thoroughly (190)
Wealth, trade, natural resources, religious reasons
Mercantilism: a trade policy designed to make a country as self-sufficient and wealthy as possible
The country had to set-up colonies from which it could get raw materials that could not be found or gathered at home
The country had an exclusive trading relationship with its colonies
The colony had to produce raw materials only for the mother country
The colony had to buy finished goods (made from these raw materials) only from the mother country.

5. Define:
plantation: see glossary
backcountry: see glossary
Type of colonization: How did they colonize? How did this make them successful?
Built towns and cities, often with a fort; permanent settlements; allowed greater control over land, with English citizens living and working on the land
Relationship with Native Americans (give many details and events):
Some made Indian allies, which traded with the English and sometimes helped them fight against Spain.
Many Indians became dependent on English goods.
Some married Indian women and had families, changing the culture of some tribes.
Some conflicts developed, especially when the Indians felt they weren’t being treated fairly or when the English moved further into the backcountry.
The southern part of Carolina was especially a concern for defense against the hostile Indians and the Spanish in Florida, which led to the creation of Georgia.

6. Colonization of the Southeast SPAIN
Explorers (give dates and accomplishments): 1. Christopher Columbus: (1492) opened the New World to Europe for exploration 2. Juan Ponce de Leon: (1515, 1521) explored Florida, failed in finding fountain of youth 3. Hernando De Soto: (1540) first European to explore through Georgia and parts of the southeast 4. Pedro Menéndez De Avilés: (1565) founded St. Augustine; destroyed French Fort Caroline

7. Spain Continued… Religion(s) /Religious Goals:
What religion did the Spanish follow?
Catholic (Christianity)
What were the goals of the missions?
Convert the Native Americans, control the Indians behavior, get Indian labor in exchange for goods, change their culture to be more European and Christian
What were the results of the missions?
There were several revolts; diseases were passed to the Indians; missions in the southeast not very successful – most did not really convert, and English settlement drove the last ones out of Carolina/Georgia.

8. Juanillo’s Revolt:
Guale Indians resented Spanish interference.
Juanillo was a Guale mico (leader).
A priest at one of the missions made another Guale mico because he was more accepting of the Spanish.
Juanillo led a revolt that killed 5 missionaries.
The Spanish retaliated by destroying villages and crops.

9. Philosophy: Why were they colonizing?
The 3 “G’s” (173):
Gold, God, and Glory
Type of colonization: How did they colonize? What did they build?
Mainly Forts and Missions; not many towns; St. Augustine – oldest European permanent settlement in U.S.
Reasons for success or failure:
Were successful with military (force worked well to control most areas); missions were unsuccessful (most Native Americans did not really convert)

10. FRANCE
Philosophy: Why were they colonizing? Land, wealth – pretty much the same as the others Where did they colonize in North America? Canada, Great Lakes area, Mississippi River Valley French settlement attempt in the southeast -- Fort Caroline (178): Near St. John’s River in Florida; built 1564; founded by Huguenots (French Protestants); destroyed by Menéndez; Relationship with Native Americans: Profitable fur trading with Native Americans; many native alliances with the French Why unsuccessful in the southeast? Kicked out by Spain (see above)