1. THE COLD WAR Cause and Effect

2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
SS.912.A.6.8 Analyze the effects of the Red Scare on domestic United States policy
SS.912.A.6.10 Examine causes, course, and consequences of the early years of the Cold War (Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, NATO, Warsaw Pact)
SS.912.A.6.11 Examine the controversy surrounding the proliferation of nuclear technology in the United States and the world
SS.912.A.6.12 Examine causes, course, and consequences of the Korean War
SS.912.A.6.13 Analyze significant foreign policy events during the Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon administrations

3. Post-WWII Conflicts Main Idea:
Cold War existed between the United States and Soviet because of political and economic differences leading to various conflicts around the world.

4. The Cold War
Source

5. Source http://slideplayer.com/slide/3925334/

6. Post-WWII Conflicts Soviet Union United States
Cold War: A conflict between the U.S. and Soviet Union where they did not directly fight each other, but caused other conflicts around the world.
Soviet Union
Communist government controlled the government and owned the economy.
Soviet Union put communist government in all Eastern European countries
This caused fear in Western Europe and around the world- communism must be "contained"
United States
Democratic government and capitalist economy
Voted for leaders and private citizen owned most of the economy

7. Source http://slideplayer.com/slide/3925334/

8. Contributing Actions

9. Beliefs Causes of The Cold War United States: USSR (Soviet Union):
Capitalism (Free Enterprise)
Democracy (Free Elections)
USSR (Soviet Union):
Communism (State-Run Economy)
Totalitarianism (Dictatorship)

10. Aims Causes of The Cold War United States: USSR (Soviet Union):
Help Germany recover
Protect democracy
USSR (Soviet Union):
Make Germany pay reparations
Create a “buffer” of friendly countries to prevent another invasion

11. Resentment about History
Causes of The Cold War
Resentment about History
United States:
USSR pact with Germany
USSR delay in war with Japan
USSR (Soviet Union):
U.S. and U.K. opposition to Russian Revolution
U.S. and U.K. delay in attacking German Western Front

12. Events Causes of The Cold War United States: Potsdam Conference
Churchill’s Speech at Fulton “Iron Curtain”
The Marshall Plan
Greece: U.S. backed Greek government
USSR (Soviet Union):
Yalta Conference
Stalin breaks his promise to allow free elections in Eastern Europe
Cominform: Stalin required all communist countries to join
Czechoslovakia: Soviets take over government

13. Cold War in Europe Truman Doctrine 1947
To make sure communism does not spread in Europe, Britain and U.S. gave money to Turkey and Greece for aid

14. Cold War in Europe Conflicts
Marshall Plan 1947
Then to help Western Europe deal with the economic devastation of WW2, the U.S. gave them $13 billion in aid

15. Berlin Crisis Berlin Blockade 1948:
Germany was divided into the zones after WWII and there was disagreement on next steps
Stalin closed all high way and rail routes into W. Berlin
Limit the ability of France, Great Britain and the United States to travel to their sectors of Berlin, which lay within Russian-occupied East Germany

16. Berlin Crisis Berlin Airlifts:
Truman sent food and supplies to West Berlin for 327 days
2.3 million tons of supplies were dropped
On May 29th, 1949 the Soviet Union lifted its blockade.

17. Cold War in Europe Conflicts
NATO 1949
For protection from the Soviets, Western Europe created the NATO Alliance
Warsaw Pack 1955
In response to NATO, the Soviet and its Eastern Europe satellites created the Warsaw Pact
Each country would support the others if they were attacked
Source

18. NATO and Warsaw Pact Divisions

19. Soviet Union-Atomic Bomb
On August 29th, 1949, the Soviet Union detonated its first atomic bomb
This begins the competition between the U.S. and Soviet Union to expand their stock pile of weapons in order to gain superiority

21. The Korean War
Korea was taken over by Japan in After WW2, the Soviets took control of North Korea while the U.S. occupied South Korea
Soviets gave support to North Korea
There was a fear that if one nation comes under Communist control, then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control (Domino Theory) so we needed to intervene.

22. The Korean War
In June 1950, North Korea attacked South Korea in a surprise attack.
The U.S. sent troops to support South Korea (520,000 troops)

23. The Korean War
At first North Korea almost took control over South Korea.
With U.S. and allies support, they pushed North Korea out and even took control over most of North Korea
Then China (new communist nation) intervened to support North Korea and the division line went back to the 38th parallel line (same line before the war that separated North and South Korea)

24. The Korean War
War ended in a stalemate

25. Containment Policy
1954 Americans really began to fear communist ideas at home
A policy of preventing the expansion the Soviet Union by creating alliances and providing support and to areas under threat

26. The McCarthy Era Red Scare brought on McCarthyism:
This was the practice of publicizing accusations of political disloyalty
People were accused of subversive activities without sufficient evidence
Senator Joe McCarthy was a Republican Senator from Wisconsin who made unsupported accusations against government officials of being Communist and promoting the Red Scare

27. Post-WWII Conflicts Red Scare at Home
Americans really began to fear communist ideas at home.
The Loyalty Review Board was formed which made sure that no government employees had any connections to communist or similar organizations or groups.

28. Post-WWII Conflicts Red Scare at Home
The House Un-American Activities Committee was formed to see possible communist influence inside and outside the government; including the movie industry and making sure pro-Soviet films were not made.

29. Red Scare Effects Millions of Americans forced to take loyalty oaths.
Labor unions influence decreases
Many people are afraid to speak out on issues.
Anti-communism is key force to foreign policy

30. Red Scare Causes
Causes that brought about the fear of communism spreading
Soviets able to get communist governments in Eastern Europe after WW2.
Soviets develop the atomic bomb much faster than expected.
Korea War end in a "stalemate"
Truman and "Democrats" accused of being soft on communism

31. Additional Resources
Presidential Learning, series of lesson plans from the Smithsonian
The Two Big Powers and Their Cold War: CE, web resources with teaching ideas and PDF files
Crash Course U.S. History: The Cold War in Asia, video 15 minutes
Reading Like a Historian: Truman and MacArthur, looks at Korea
Crash Course U.S. History: World War II - Part 2 video 16 minutes, looks at changing roles and policies
Reading Like a Historian: Cold War, looks at the Iron Curtain and the Truman Doctrine

32. Additional Resources
Case Closed: The Rosenberg’s Were Soviet Spies, informational text
Crash Course U.S. History: World War II - Part 2 video 16 minutes, looks at changing roles and policies
slide show on the cold war
History channel video 13 minutes
videos and articles on the actors who were blacklisted during the time
review of the 1950’s facts and summary
Anti-communist propaganda cartoon minutes