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Do Now What is the central dogma of biology?

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Presentation on theme: "Do Now What is the central dogma of biology?"— Presentation transcript:

1 Do Now What is the central dogma of biology?
How does a codon and anti-codon interact? Which type of RNA are they on? What does this mean? HEC ATH ITT HER AT

2 MUTATIONS Changes in the genetic material of an organism
Mutations can happen on the chromosome or on specific DNA sequences

3 NOT ALL MUTATIONS ARE HARMFUL

4 2 Types of Mutations Mutations that happen on the chromosome are called chromosomal mutations Mutations that happen at specific base pair sequences are called base-pair mutations

5 Base-pair mutations 2 TYPES: Point Mutations Frameshift mutations

6 Frameshift What happened here? ATH ECA THI TTH ERA T

7 Frameshift Mutation When the whole reading frame for the DNA shifts
This is caused by either an insertion or a Deletion

8 Mutation S THE CAT HIT THA RAT
Silent Mutation: new codon codes for the same amino acid

9

10 Mutation M THE CAT HAT THE RAT
Missense mutation: New codon codes for a different amino acid

11 Mutation N THE CAT Nonsense: new codon codes for a stop codon

12 Think What was similar about the three mutations we just went over? (Silent, Missense, Nonsense)

13 Point Mutations When a single nucleotide is changed
What will this affect? 3 types of point mutations

14 Types of Point Mutations
Nonsense Missense Silent New codon codes for a different amino acid New codon codes for the same amino acid New codon codes for a stop codon

15 Try to identify the type of mutation
PRACTICE Try to identify the type of mutation

16 POINT

17 POINT

18 Frameshift

19 Chromosomal Mutations
Deletion Removes parts of chromosomes Duplication When a segment repeats

20 Chromosomal Mutations
Inversion When a segment reverses Translocation Moves a segment from one chromosome to another

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