1. Use commas, dashes, parentheses, or a colon to set off an appositive.
Appositives 1
Use commas, dashes, parentheses, or a colon to set off an appositive.

2. Use commas, dashes, parentheses, or a colon to set off an appositive.1
An appositive is a noun that is placed next to another noun or pronoun to rename it or to give additional information about it.
An appositive phrase is a group of words that includes an appositive and other words that describe the appositive.
Use commas, dashes, parentheses, or a colon to set off an appositive.

3. Model sentence: Appositive with compound element. 2
Use commas, dashes, parentheses, or a colon to set off an appositive.
Weak sentences:
She is involved in two organizations. One is the high school theater group, and one is the hockey team.
Best Sentence (PCL):
Model sentence: Appositive with compound element.
She is involved in two organizations: the high school theater group and the hockey team.

4. 4
Use commas, dashes, parentheses, or a colon to set off an appositive. Weak simple sentences: Jeff asked for two things. He asked for a biscuit and lemonade. This is weak because “Jeff asked” and “he asked” mean the same thing; so it is wordy and repeats for no purpose. Best Sentence (PCL): Jeff asked for two things, a biscuit and lemonade.

5. Use commas, dashes, parentheses, or a colon to set off an appositive. 5
Use commas, dashes, parentheses, or a colon to set off an appositive.
These are weak simple sentences because they repeat words for no purpose. The second sentence is an “Oh, I forgot to tell you” sentence structure. Watch out for linking verbs (is, are, was, were, will be, has been, was being)
Weak Sentences
Mother said the play was a farce. A farce is a light humorous play.
Best Sentence (PCL)—Model:
Mother said the play was a farce—a light humorous play.

6. She usually visits New York (known as the Big Apple).6
Use commas, dashes, parentheses, or a colon to set off an appositive.
This is a weak simple sentence with an “Oh, I forgot to tell you” sentence structure.
She usually visits New York. New York is known as the Big Apple.
Best Sentence (PCL)
She usually visits New York (known as the Big Apple).

7. Use commas, dashes, parentheses, or a colon to set off an appositive.
This is a weak simple sentence with a linking verb.
Entering the room were the two freshmen. They were Ines Aran and Hidori Kato.
Best Sentence (PCL):
Entering the room were two freshmen: Ines Aran and Hidori Kato.

8. Weak compound sentence:
An appositive is a noun that is placed next to another noun or pronoun to rename it. Most of the time the appositive will come behind the word it is talking about; however, the appositive can start the sentence if the word it describing begins the sentence.
Weak compound sentence:
Raquel did some of the artwork, and she is a budding artist.
Best Sentence (PLC):
A budding artist, Raquel did some of the artwork.
Raquel, a budding artist, did some of the artwork.

9. Use commas, dashes, parentheses, or a colon to set off an appositive.
1. All of the food was prepared by his father. His father is a creative chef. 2. The vase was smashed, and it was an antique. 3. Chris belongs to several organizations, and he is a busy person. 4. A solitary figure stood on the open deck, and she was a small woman with a shawl.

10. Use commas, dashes, parentheses, or a colon to set off an appositive.
1. All of the food was prepared by his father, a creative chef.
2. An antique, the vase was smashed.
The vase (an antique) was smashed.
3. A busy person, Chris belongs to several organizations.
Chris, a busy person, belongs to several organizations.
4. A solitary figure, a small woman with a shawl, stood on the open deck.

11. A budding artist. Raquel did some of the artwork. 11
A budding artist. Raquel did some of the artwork.
A budding artist, Raquel did some of the artwork.
A budding artist Raquel did some of the artwork.

12. A budding artist. Raquel did some of the artwork. Fragment 12
A budding artist. Raquel did some of the artwork. Fragment
A budding artist, Raquel did some of the artwork. Correct
A budding artist Raquel did some of the artwork. Comma Error

13. Appositives—Compound Element 12
Appositives—Compound Element
Once a bright student, Kostya has received poor marks and is now unable to go to college.
Kostya, once a bright student, has received poor marks and is now unable to go to college.