1. As a Responsible Country in the World (2001- )

2. Reshaping Chinese Diplomatic Strategy
external context
Continuing changes in the post-cold war period
NATO expansion and strengthening of US-Japan alliance
emergence of new interventionism ( Kosovo, Iraq)
ups and downs in Sino-US relations
increasing of unilateralism, power politics, and hegemonism
recession of global economy

3. Internal context
economic booming and remarkable social changes
an increasing need for a peaceful and stable environment for domestic development
the largest foreign currency holder, the second largest economies, the third largest foreign trade country
Politically big country, one of the p-5 at UN, a nuclear country

4. the idea of “harmonious world”
1 conceptual basis for the new idea
Chinese ancient philosophy, the idea of “the same but the different” (he er bu tong).
rethinking capitalism, which keeps developing instead of dying
peaceful co-existence and competition of socialism and capitalism for a long time
evolution from world revolution to the construction of harmonious world
1950s: allying with the USSR and involving with the Korean War
1960s: opposing imperialism, revisionism and reactionaries and involving with Vietnam War
1970s: still believing it is an age of imperialism and proletarianism opposing one another
d) s: war being avoidable, peace and development as two major themes of the time
e) s: favouring multilateralism and multipolar world
f) s: putting forward the idea of constructing a harmonious world

5. 2 what is a harmonious world
not an utopian world , nor a world without arms, armies or wars;
a world of diversity with co-existence of nations with different social systems; mutual respects of distant cultures and civilizations;
a world in which peace is kept through cooperation and dialogue, and (non)traditional security issues are coped with collectively, so as to avoid possible conflict and war

6. 4) a world of gradually narrowing gaps between the rich and the poor with unfolding globalisation toward the direction of equality, justice, common benefits and common wealth.
One argument goes that a world of harmony should be based on the construction of harmony on both national and regional levels.

7. Idea of “harmonious world”
Politically mutual respect and consultation
Economically mutual improvement and common development
Culturally mutual learning and common prosperity
In security mutual trust and common maintainance

8. The idea of diplomacy for people
Conventional idea of diplomacy for nation-state: diplomacy is in service of national strategy and development, it is about politics
New idea of taking people as the foremost: diplomacy facing people in general, in service of (overseas) Chinese people dealing with emergent events, emergency withdrawing, assisting relatives seeking, assisting law suits overseas)

9. The idea of good neighborhood
building friendship and partnership with neighboring countries to ensure regional peace and stability so as to create a favorable environment for regional development
befriending neighbors, securing neighbors, and enriching neighbors (mu lin, an lin, fu lin)

10. Three policy papers in Chinese diplomacy
China’s European Union Policy Paper (2003)
China’s African Policy Paper (2006)
China’s Policy Paper on Latin America and the Caribbean（2008）

11. Opportunities and challenges
entering the WTO
obtaining an identity as a WTO member
improving domestic law, rules and regulations related to trade
participating in multilateral talks on global economy and trade
boosting Chinese economic growth,
“bringing in “ and “walking out” strategy

12. 2 global war on terror
joining the global war and having less external pressures on domestic economic development
adopting economic diplomacy
making use of positive aspects of the global war on terror

13. Challenges
short term
appreciation of currency
trade protectionism
increasing trade frictions
long term
excessive relying on foreign trade
shrinkage of global general demand
weakening engine of fueling economic growth