2. Basic Philosophical Elements and Issues of the Environment
The Litany
Global Problems
Global Warming - Warmest Years on Record
Ozone Depletion - Big Hole in Atmosphere
Species Decimation
Regional Problems
Deforestation
Acid Rain
Water Pollution - Rivers, Lakes
Local Problems
Pesticides - Hazardous Materials
Waste Disposal

3. Basic Philosophical Elements and Issues of the Environment
Are these concerns realistic?
Are some more realistic than others?
How serious are they?
What are some example implications for business? For these problems?

4. Changes in the Environment: The Master Equation
EI =
Population x x
GDP EI
Person unit of per capita GDP
EI = Environmental Impact
GDP = Gross Domestic Product
Population = Population Concerns
GDP/PERSON = Affluence Concerns
EI/Unit of Per Capita GDP = Technological Concerns
What Alternatives Exist to Manage EI Here?
What areas Does Commoner think we should focus upon?
Paul Ehrlich?

5. Environmental Consciousness
What is man’s role with nature?
Take Dominion over it? Dualistic?
What is meant by that?
Nature exists to serve humans
anthropomorphic view
is environment in “profit” equation?
In calculation of “national” accounts?
Linear “Design” of production.
What is it and why might it no longer be applicable?

6. Tragedy of the Commons What are the commons? What is the “tragedy”?
How does it work with the economic principles?
What are Hardin’s solutions?
Do you agree?
Will they work?

7. Stages of Environmental Concern
Conservation
Use resources wisely - nature’s utility is in its service to humans
Preservation
Leave certain areas alone - nature has intrinsic value
Protection
pollution control - protect humans
Sustainability
global perspective, “sustainable growth” (pg. 17), and equity.
What is the basic theory behind equity and sustainability?

8. The End of Nature
“Nature can no longer take care of itself…”

9. Ecology Systems thinking - Holistic outlook. Systems have
inputs, transformations, outputs, feedback.
Decompositional characteristics.

10. Ecology Systems example Eco system Figure 2.1, closed or open system?
Is there an Business Analogy to this system?

11. Ecology Analysis and evaluation can be carried out at many levels
Individual Organism
Population (individuals of same species)
Community
Ecosystem - non-biological (abiotic) integration.
Biomes - grouping of ecosystems
Analogy to organizations and business?