1. Identifying Variables
Every experiment involves several variables - factors which can change

2. Independent Variables
Also called “Manipulated variables” or IV
This is the variable you PURPOSELY change and test
ie - the temperature of the room

3. Dependent Variable Also called - “Responding Variable” or DV
The factor that MAY CHANGE as a result of the Independent Variable
ie: how fast plants grow in response to the temperature change.

4. Controlling Variables
Keeping all conditions the same EXCEPT for the Independent Variable (IV)
Ie: size of the container, type of soil, amount of water, amount of light, use of fertilizers, same kind of plants
When all variables are controlled, you can then conclude that the differences in your results are due to the changes in the Independent Variable (IV)