1. Heat Transport by the Atmosphere and ocean

2. Surface buoyancy forcing

3. Global heating at the sea surface….

4. Heat Flux from Evaporation (W/m2)

5. Total Net Surface Heat Flux (W/m2)

7. Surface Temperature and Salinity

8. Sea Surface Temperature (SST)

9. Seasonal variation in SST

10. Sea Surface Salinity

11. Evaporation minus Precipitation

12. Seasonal variation in SSS….

13. Sea Surface Density ( theta)

14. Equation of state

15. Equation of State for Seawater

16. Density has non-linear dependence on T and S
Range in T, S and σ in the ocean

17. Vertical structure

18. Pressure and Temperature Effects on Density

19. Temperature and salinity at 20N 160E and 50N 160E in the Pacific
Temperature and salinity at 20N 160E and 50N 160E in the Pacific. Red line is the potential temperature.

20. Temperature, potential temperature, sigma at 20N 160E

21. Depth Profiles of Temperature10
20ºC
63ºS
7ºS

22. Temperature in summer and winter at 20N 160E

23. Horizontal structure
Pacific

24. Cross section of Pot. Temp. in Pacific Ocean

25. Salinity Cross Section (Pacific Ocean)

26. Density ( theta) Cross Section (Pacific Ocean)
Latitude

28. Atlantic

29. Potential Temperature in Atlantic Ocean

30. Salinity Atlantic Ocean