1. 17.3 – Luther Leads the Reformation
Bell ringer: pg 494
Q 1

2. Causes of the Reformation
Renaissance ideas were challenging Church authority
Aided by the printing press – WHY?
Various states of Europe made it hard to control, especially in Germany
Northern merchants resented paying taxes

3. Pg 488 Causes of Reformation
Look at the Chart
Create a Colum for Culture using your SPICE chart. Answer every bullet.
Causes of the Reformation due to Renaissance
* Contextualization and 7th point.
Corroborating multiple perspectives across Themes.

4. Beginnings Church viewed as corrupt:
Money for wars, pleasurable goods, & the arts
Pope Alexander VI fathers children
Many priests & monks are poorly educated
Men like John Wycliff, Jan Hus, Thomas More, & Desiderius Erasmus fuel these criticisms of the Church

5. Luther & the 95 Theses
Martin Luther – Professor of Scripture at Wittenberg University
Faith was key to salvation
Luther angered by church practice of selling indulgences (pardons)
Johann Tetzel tricks people into thinking they buying their way into Heaven
Luther responds w/ the 95 Theses
Posts them on the door of a Church & debates them
Beginning of the Reformation
Rise of churches that don’t accept the pope’s authority

6. Luther’s Teachings Luther pushed for complete reform of the Church
3 Main Ideas
1) Salvation only by God’s forgiveness
2) All teaching based through the Bible
3) All people with faith were equal
Ideas spread rapidly & gain many followers

7. Response Luther suggests driving out pope by force
1520: Pope Leo X excommunicates Luther
Luther burns his warnings
Emperor Charles V puts Luther on trial at Worms
Luther refuses to recant
Pg 490 Tone?
I am bound by the scriptures I have quoted and my conscience is captive to the Word of God. I cannot and I not retract anything, since it is neither safe no right to go against conscience. I can not do otherwise, here I stand may God help me- Martin Luther.

8. 1521 Charles V issues: Edict of Worms
Luther is an outlaw & heretic
Luther sheltered by Frederick the Wise of Saxony
1522: Luther established own religious group called Lutherans

9. Revolt & War 1524: German peasants revolt against the serfdom
Christian Freedom
Raid, pillage, & burn monasteries
Luther appalled, calls for princes to crush the revolt
Peasants feel betrayed
German princes split over teachings
Protestants – Lutheran supporters
Seize church property
(no Catholic Christians)
Assert independence against Charles V
Charles V goes to war against the Protestants; fails to bring them back
1555: Peace of Augsburg
Each ruler would decide their state’s religion

10. Connect to today questions pg491

12. Henry VIII Devout Catholic
Disagrees w/ Luther’s teachings; named “Defender of the Faith”
Problems: Needed an heir
Didn’t want war & only had a daughter
1527: Wanted a divorce to have children form another woman
Divorce not allowed, asks for marriage to be annulled
Pope denies annulment, did not want to offend Charles V
Catherine’s nephew

13. Reformation Parliament
1529: Asks Parliament to pass laws ending papal power in England
1533: Marries Anne Boleyn
Parliament approves divorce
1534: Act of Supremacy passed
Henry named head of the Church of England
Thomas More criticizes Henry; arrested & executed at the Tower of London

14. Consequences
Anne Boleyn doesn’t have a son; charged w/ treason & beheaded
1537: Jane Seymour (3rd) births a son, Edward
Jane dies 2 weeks later
Henry marries 3 more times = no more children
1547: Henry dies, each child will rule England
Protestant reforms added by advisors of Edward VI
Mary returns England to the pope
Executes protestant resistors

15. Elizabeth I Wanted a return to Protestantism
1559: Church of England (Anglican) set-up – Compromise
Protestants: Priests allowed to marry & use English for sermons
Catholics: many traditions kept/revised
Establishes relative religious peace
Faces push for reforms, overthrow attempts, faces money problems
Ideas for American colonies
Elizabeth I

16. Create a timeline
From King Henry VIII to Elizabeth I and record important events and religious changes. Add a text box to each event
What
Who is involved
When: