1. Korean Case – Analysis and Insights
Technology Barometer 2014
Korean Case – Analysis and Insights
26 May, 2014
Heejong Kang
Science and Technology Policy Institute(STEPI)

2. Contents Ⅰ. Overview of Korean case Ⅱ. Information Society
Ⅲ. Knowledge Society
Ⅳ. Knowledge Value Society
Ⅴ. Society based on Sustainable Development
Ⅵ. Analysis and Insights

3. Ⅰ. Overview of Korean case
Sustainable Develop.
Society (Continuation)
Information Society (Acquisition)
Knowledge-Value Society (Valuation)
Knowledge
Society (Creation)
Source : TEK, Technology Barometer(2014)

4. Ⅱ. Information Society Basic education and schooling
4. Young people’s reading literacy skills
5. Young people’s mathematical skills
Source : TEK, Technology Barometer(2014)

5. Ⅱ. Information Society General education and competence
8. The share of educational expenditure
Source : TEK, Technology Barometer(2014)

6. Ⅱ. Information Society Investment in R&D
19. Private companies’ R&D expenditure
20. Public R&D expenditure
Source : TEK, Technology Barometer(2014)

7. < State examination revival scene in Chosun Dynasty >
Ⅱ. Information Society (Acquisition of Knowledge)
Passion for Education of Korean
< State examination revival scene in Chosun Dynasty >
Period
Share of passer
as commoner(%)
1392~1400
40.4
1401~1418
50.0
1494~1506
20.0
1567~1608
16.7
1674~1720
30.0
1776~1800
53.0
1863~1907
58.0
Source : Han, Yong-u(2013~2014), Civil service examination system, the ladder of success
< Expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of GDP, by source of fund (2010)>
Korea
USA
Finland UK
France
Japan
OECD Average
Public
4.8
5.1
6.4
5.9
5.8
3.6
5.4
Private
2.8
2.2
0.1
0.6
0.5
1.5
0.9
Total
7.6
7.3
6.5
6.3
Source : OECD(2013), Education at a Glance

8. Ⅲ. Knowledge Society Techno-scientific competence
11. People with higher education …
15. The share of women among resear…
Source : TEK, Technology Barometer(2014)

9. Ⅲ. Knowledge Society Use of ICT 25. Private households with Internet …
26. Internet utilisation rate among …
Source : TEK, Technology Barometer(2014)

10. Ⅲ. Knowledge Society Understanding of knowledge, knowledge management
47. Exports from high technology sectors
Source : TEK, Technology Barometer(2014)

11. < Creation of Hangeul (Korean Character) >
Ⅲ. Knowledge Society (Creation of Knowledge)
Creativity of Korean
< Creation of Hangeul (Korean Character) >
Source :

12. Ⅳ. Knowledge value Society
Application of new knowledge
Source : TEK, Technology Barometer(2014)

13. Ⅳ. Knowledge value Society
Entrepreneurship and economic regeneration
50. Entrepreneurial activity
53. The share of real enterprise births …
Source : TEK, Technology Barometer(2014)

14. Ⅳ. Knowledge value Society
Networking and openness to international activities
57. The share of outbound direct …
58. The share of inbound direct …
Source : TEK, Technology Barometer(2014)

15. (scholars, farmers, artisans and tradesmen)
Ⅳ. Knowledge value Society (Valuation of Knowledge)
Engineering avoidance of Korean
< The traditional four classes of Korean society during the Chosun Dynasty >
(scholars, farmers, artisans and tradesmen)
Scholars S S F T A A
Past T F
Present
Farmers
Artisans
Tradesmen
Source :

16. Ⅴ. Society based on Sustainable Development
Sustainable society
63. Life expectancy for men
70. The employment rate
Source : TEK, Technology Barometer(2014)

17. Ⅴ. Society based on Sustainable Development
Environmental management
82. The investment in environmental …
84. Volume of greenhouse gas …
Source : TEK, Technology Barometer(2014)

18. Ⅴ. Society based on Sustainable Development
State of the environment
93. The share of threatened mammal …
95. The share of natural conservation areas
Source : TEK, Technology Barometer(2014)

19. < A commemorative photograph after poaching of tiger >
Ⅴ. Sustainable Development (Continuation of Knowledge)
Connivance of Korean
< A commemorative photograph after poaching of tiger >
< Number of poaching of tigers and leopards in Korea (1919~1924) >
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
Total
Tiger 3 5 20 15 12 10 65
Leopard 18 46 60 74 91 96
385
Source : Chosun monthly(1926)

20. Past R&D strategy of Korean government
Ⅵ. Analysis and Insights
How did Korea get competitiveness in knowledge management?
(at patent, scientific article and high-tech product fields)
Past R&D strategy of Korean government
Selection and
Concentration
Catch up
Performance-Oriented
Government-Initiated

21. Ⅵ. Analysis and Insights
< Trend of R&D expenditure and the ratio of R&D in GDP (1976~2012) >
Source : NTIS(2014)

22. < Trend of number of institutions (1995~2012) >
Ⅵ. Analysis and Insights
< Trend of number of institutions (1995~2012) >
Source : NTIS(2014)

23. R&D strategy of Korean government
Ⅵ. Analysis and Insights
R&D strategy of Korean government
Source :

24. < Number of Companies (Manufacturing) >
Ⅵ. Analysis and Insights
What is the key problems in Korea?
< Number of Companies (Manufacturing) >
Source : KBIZ SME Status Indicators(2013)

25. < R&D Expenditure >
Ⅵ. Analysis and Insights
< R&D Expenditure >
Source : MSIP, 2012 Survey of Research and Development in Korea(2013)

26. < Number of Patents (application) >
Ⅵ. Analysis and Insights
< Number of Patents (application) >
(Number of Applications)
(%)
Large
Company
S&M
Company
Large(%)
S&M(%)
Source : KIPO, The Patent trend of Korea(2013)

27. Import Ratio of Core Parts : 50%
Ⅵ. Analysis and Insights
< Number of Papers & World Ranking>
Import Ratio of Core Parts : 50%
- Automobile, Semiconductor, Shipbuilding -
< Number of Hidden Champions>
Korea
Germany
USA
Japan
Number of Hidden Champions 25
1,300
300
100
Source : 12th STEPI International symposium(2014)

28. Selection and Concentration Sustainable Development
Ⅵ. Analysis and Insights
What does Korea have to do for next?
Next R&D strategy
Strengthen
Selection and Concentration
Enhance R&D mngt capability
Look for new growth engine
Return the profit
Prepare
Post Catch-up Era
Enhance basic science capability
Establish creative eco-system
Promote Private-initiated R&D
Promote
Balanced Development
Large and SM
Region
Gender
Consider
Sustainable Development
Polarization
Environment
Aging

29. Thank you for your attention