1. Ali Baydoun1 Controllers (hard drive controllers)

2. Ali Baydoun 2 What is a controller A device that controls the transfer of data from a computer to a peripheral device For example, disk drives, display screens, keyboards, and printers all require controllers. In personal computers, the controllers are often single chips. When you buy a computer, it comes with all the necessary controllers. If you attach additional devices you may need to insert new controllers that come on expansion cards

3. Ali Baydoun 3 Types of controllers disk controller graphics controller or video display controller network controller keyboard controller RAID controller SCSI controller

4. Ali Baydoun 4 Disk controller The disk controller is the circuit which allows the CPU to communicate with a hard disk, floppy disk or other kind of disk drive. Early disk controllers were identified by their storage methods and data encoding. They were typically implemented on a separate controller card. Modern disk controllers are integrated into the disk drive. The interface between the computer and hard disk is called a host adapter.

5. Ali Baydoun 5 Host adapter In computer hardware, a host adapter or host bus adapter (HBA) connects a host system (the computer) to other network and storage devices

6. Ali Baydoun 6 Types of hard disk controllers The most common types in use are IDE, Serial ATA, and SCSI(controllers) Most home personal computers use an IDE or Serial ATA interface. network file servers mostly have SCSI

7. Ali Baydoun 7 IDE- Integrated Drive Electronics A type of hardware interface widely used to connect hard disks, and optical disks to a PC

8. Ali Baydoun 8 ATA AT Attachment (ATA) is a standard interface for connecting storage devices such as hard disks and CD-ROM drives inside personal computers. Serial ATA is a computer bus technology designed for transfer of data to and from hard disks and optical drives.

9. Ali Baydoun 9 SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) is a set of standards for physically connecting and transferring data between computers and peripheral devices. SCSI is most commonly used for hard disks, but it can connect a wide range of other devices, including scanners, printers, and optical drives etc.

10. Ali Baydoun 10 Controllers used in lab :G3.32 Standard floppy disk controller Intel Bus Master IDE Controller Primary IDE Channel [Controller] Secondary IDE Channel [Controller]

11. Ali Baydoun 11 Summary Controller is a hardware device it can be an expansion card or integrated onto the computer motherboard it enables communication between The computer and another hardware device