1. 11 MANAGING DISKS AND FILE SYSTEMS Chapter 3

2. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems2 OVERVIEW Monitor and configure disks Monitor, configure, and troubleshoot volumes Monitor and configure removable media, such as tape devices Install, configure, and manage DVD and CD-ROM devices Configure NTFS, FAT32, and FAT file systems Use disk optimization utilities: Disk Defragmenter, Chkdsk, and Disk Cleanup Monitor and configure disks Monitor, configure, and troubleshoot volumes Monitor and configure removable media, such as tape devices Install, configure, and manage DVD and CD-ROM devices Configure NTFS, FAT32, and FAT file systems Use disk optimization utilities: Disk Defragmenter, Chkdsk, and Disk Cleanup

3. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems3 DISK MANAGEMENT Types of storage Setting up hard disks Adding new disks Managing disks on remote systems Types of storage Setting up hard disks Adding new disks Managing disks on remote systems

4. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems4 BASIC VS. DYNAMIC STORAGE

5. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems5 PARTITIONING A BASIC DISK Primary Partitions Extended Partitions Four primary partitions maximum or up to three if there is an extended partition. A basic disk can contain only one extended partition. Can be marked as the active partition, BIOS looks for the active partition to locate boot files to start the operating system (only one active partition per hard disk). Cant be marked as the active partition. Can be formatted and assigned a drive letter. Divided into logical drives, each of which can be formatted and assigned a drive letter.

6. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems6 VOLUMES ON A DYNAMIC DISK Simple Spanned Striped Simple Spanned Striped

7. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems7 UPGRADING BASIC DISKS TO DYNAMIC DISKS Basic Disk Structure Extended Partitions Primary partitionSimple volume Extended partitionSimple volume for each logical drive and any remaining unallocated space Logical driveSimple volume Volume setSpanned volume Stripe setStriped volume

8. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems8 MANAGING STORAGE ON REMOTE SYSTEMS

9. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems9 REMOVABLE STORAGE MANAGEMENT

10. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems10 MEDIA POOLS Free Import Unrecognized Application-specific http://www.microsoft.com/resources/docu mentation/windows/xp/all/proddocs/en- us/sag_rsmconcepts_3_2.mspx?mfr=true Free Import Unrecognized Application-specific http://www.microsoft.com/resources/docu mentation/windows/xp/all/proddocs/en- us/sag_rsmconcepts_3_2.mspx?mfr=true

11. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems11 MANAGING COMPRESSION Compression methods: Compressed folders NTFS compression Compression methods: Compressed folders NTFS compression

12. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems12 COMPRESSED FOLDERS Compatible with Zip compression programs Can be stored on FAT volumes and removable media Can be e-mailed Compatible with Zip compression programs Can be stored on FAT volumes and removable media Can be e-mailed

13. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems13 NTFS COMPRESSION Managed by the NTFS file system Automatically compresses and uncompresses files Managed via compression attributes on files and folders Managed by the NTFS file system Automatically compresses and uncompresses files Managed via compression attributes on files and folders

14. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems14 MOVING OR COPYING COMPRESSED FILES Within an NTFS volume: Moved files retain their compression attribute. Copied files inherit the attribute of the target folder. Between NTFS volumes: All files inherit the attribute of the target folder. To FAT or FAT32 partitions: Files are uncompressed. (FAT does not support compression.) Within an NTFS volume: Moved files retain their compression attribute. Copied files inherit the attribute of the target folder. Between NTFS volumes: All files inherit the attribute of the target folder. To FAT or FAT32 partitions: Files are uncompressed. (FAT does not support compression.)

15. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems15 ENCRYPTING FILE SYSTEM Based on public key cryptography 256-bit Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) encryption Incompatible with NTFS compression Recovery agent can recover encrypted files Based on public key cryptography 256-bit Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) encryption Incompatible with NTFS compression Recovery agent can recover encrypted files

16. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems16 ENCRYPTING FILES

17. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems17 DECRYPTING FILES

18. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems18 COPYING OR MOVING ENCRYPTED FILES Moving or copying a file into an encrypted folder encrypts it. Moving or copying an encrypted file to an unencrypted folder does not decrypt it. Copying or moving an encrypted file to another file system decrypts it. Moving or copying a file requires decryption ability. Files can be backed up in the encrypted state. Moving or copying a file into an encrypted folder encrypts it. Moving or copying an encrypted file to an unencrypted folder does not decrypt it. Copying or moving an encrypted file to another file system decrypts it. Moving or copying a file requires decryption ability. Files can be backed up in the encrypted state.

19. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems19 SHARING ENCRYPTED FILES The owner of an encrypted file can add additional users. Works with files only. One file at a time can be shared. EFS is administered via the Details dialog box under Advanced Attributes for the encrypted file. The owner of an encrypted file can add additional users. Works with files only. One file at a time can be shared. EFS is administered via the Details dialog box under Advanced Attributes for the encrypted file.

20. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems20 SHARING ENCRYPTED FILES (CONTINUED)

21. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems21 RECOVERING ENCRYPTED FILES The encrypted file must be recovered by the key used in the Recovery Agent. If the recovery key certificate is lost, the file cannot be recovered. The recovery agents certificate should be protected. The encrypted file must be recovered by the key used in the Recovery Agent. If the recovery key certificate is lost, the file cannot be recovered. The recovery agents certificate should be protected.

22. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems22 DISK QUOTAS Per-user limits on data storage. Limits the space per volume. Space determination based on uncompressed file size. Configured by default to all users. Individual users can be excepted with an individual quota. Per-user limits on data storage. Limits the space per volume. Space determination based on uncompressed file size. Configured by default to all users. Individual users can be excepted with an individual quota.

23. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems23 DISK DEFRAGMENTER

24. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems24 CHKDSK

25. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems25 DISK CLEANUP

26. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems26 SUMMARY The Disk Management snap-in manages local and remote disks. Use Disk Management to create volumes and format disks. Basic disks contain partitions; dynamic disks use volumes. NTFS compression and encryption are not compatible. EFS encrypts data on NTFS volumes. The Disk Management snap-in manages local and remote disks. Use Disk Management to create volumes and format disks. Basic disks contain partitions; dynamic disks use volumes. NTFS compression and encryption are not compatible. EFS encrypts data on NTFS volumes.

27. Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems27 SUMMARY (CONTINUED) Protect the EFS recovery agents certificate to avoid losing files. Use Disk Defragmenter, Chkdsk, and Disk Cleanup to optimize and repair disks. Protect the EFS recovery agents certificate to avoid losing files. Use Disk Defragmenter, Chkdsk, and Disk Cleanup to optimize and repair disks.