1. A Tour of the Cell, Part I CHAPTER 4
Microscopes as Windows on Cells
Types of Microscopes
Magnification and Resolution
Categories of Cells
Features of Prokaryotic Cells
Features of Eukaryotic Cells
Membrane Structure
Nucleus and Ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

2. Two Types of Cells Make Up Living Things
Prokaryotic cells
Small size (1-10 micrometers)
Single, circular chromosome
No nucleus (DNA in a nucleoid)
Simple construction (no
organelles)
Cell wall usually present (murein)
Eukaryotic Cells
Larger size ( micrometers)
Multiple linear chromosomes
Nucleus present
Complex construction, many
membrane-wrapped organelles
Cell wall sometimes present

3. Cell Membrane
Phospholipid
bilayer

4. Prokaryotic Cell (Archea and Eubacteria)
Chromosome
Cytoplasm
Reproduces by binary fission

5. Plant Cell (Eukaryote)
Cytoskeleton - microtubules form internal framework to hold up cell
Mitochondrion –
Energy conversion powerhouse
Central vacuole –
garbage dump and
internal support
Chloroplast –
Food production
factory
Cell wall –
external
structural
support
Nucleus –
Library for
Information
storage
Golgi Body –
shipping and packaging
factory
Cytoplasm –
liquid interior
for chemical
reactions
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)—
Subway system and lipid factory
Cell membrane –
Barrier with selective gates
Ribosomes
Protein making machines
Reproduces by mitosis or meiosis

6. Dismantling and Garbage Service
Animal Cell (Eukaryote)
Lysosome-
Dismantling and Garbage Service
Centrioles
Rope-making factory
Cell membrane
Mitochondrion
Cytoplasm
Golgi Body
Nucleus
Cytoskeleton
Endoplasmic
reticulum
Ribosomes
Reproduces by mitosis or meiosis

7. Test Diagram of a Cell