1. ISLAM:
Submission
To Allah

2. Origins of Islam Starts in Saudi Arabia Bedouin peoples
Polytheistic
Sacred objects, stones. Home of Ginns
Nomadic
Need water sources – oases
Mecca had Oasis, becomes a natural trading and religious center. Has the Ka’aba deities in it.
Most important was Black stone from “heaven”

3. Mohammed
Born 565 in Mecca
Orphaned and adopted by his uncle who was a merchant.
Mohammed traveled extensively throughout the region and learned ideas about religion
Concerned about
the failure of
morals in Mecca.

4. The Qur'an:
God's Last
Revelation

5. The Origins of the Qur’an and Islam
Muhammad received his first revelation from the angel Gabriel in the Cave of Hira in 610.
622  Hijrah/Heigra  Muhammed flees Mecca for Medina * The beginning of the Muslim calendar (1 A.H.)
Muhammad returns to Mecca with followers from Medina. Smashes the idols in the Ka’aba, leaving only the Black Rock

6. The Qur’an Muslims believe it contains the word of God.
114 suras (chapters).
In the name of Allah, the compassionate, the merciful.
Written only in Arabic Cannot translate the Word of God”

7. The
Judeo-Christian
Foundations
of Islam

8. IslamAn Abrahamic Religion
Muslims are strict monotheists.
They believe in the Judeo- Christian God, which they call Allah.
Muslims believe that the Torah and the Bible, like the Qur’an, is the word of God.
Peoples of the Book
Dhimini

9. The Prophetic Tradition
Adam
Noah
Abraham
Moses
Jesus
Muhammad

10. Special covenant with God
Yahweh/GOD/Allah
Moses/Torah
Jesus/Bible
Muhammad/Quran
Christian
Muslim
Jew

11. The
Five Pillars of
Islam

12. All pillars should be done if possible.
There is no absolute requirement.
If you can afford to, are physically and medically able to etc.

13. 1. The Shahada 1 The testimony. There is no god but
The declaration of faith:
When does a Muslim make this statement?
There is no god but
God, and Muhammad is His final Messenger [or Prophet]. 1

14. 2. The Salat 2 The mandatory prayers performed up to 5 times a day:
dawn
noon
late afternoon
sunset
before going to bed
Face Mecca and use a prayer rug.
Prayers led by elder/father 2

15. 2. The Salat
The call to prayer (Azan) by the muezzin in the minaret.
Pray in the mosque on Friday.
Segregated 2

16. 3. The Zakat 3 Almsgiving (charitable donations).
About 2.5% of your wealth.
Start with family 3

17. 4. The Sawm 4 Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan.
Considered a method of discipline and empathy for the less fortunate
No eating or drinking from sunrise to sunset during Ramadan.
Think about how
hard this is in a non
Muslim country 4

18. End of the Ramadan holiday.
Eid Mubarak
End of the Ramadan holiday.

19. 5. The Hajj 5 The pilgrimage to Mecca.
Should be done at least once in a Muslim’s lifetime.
2-3 million Muslims make the pilgrimage every year. 5

20. 5. The Hajj
Those who complete the pilgrimage can add the title hajji to their name. 5

21. The Dar al-Islam
The World of Islam 1 2 3 4 5

22. The Mosque
The Muslim place of worship.

23. Other Islamic Religious Practices
No alcohol or pork.
No gambling.
Sharia  body of Islamic law to regulate daily living.
Three holiest cities in Islam:
Mecca, Medina, Jerusalem.
Jerusalem now important in all 3 monotheistic religions

24. The Dome of the Rock Mosque in Jerusalem
Mount Moriah Rock where Muhammad ascended into heaven.

25. Branches of Islam Like other monotheistic religions, Islam split.
There are 2 major branches:
Sunni – 90% of Muslims. Believe that the caliph or leader of the faith must be of the tribe of Mohammed
Shi’ia / Shi’ite – 8%. Mainly in Iran and Iraq. Believe that the caliph must be a direct descendent of Mohammmed. The true caliph was assassinated by Sunni rivals shortly after Mohammed’s death.

26. Essential Question:
Why was Islam able to spread so quickly and convert so many to the new religion?

27. The Spread of Islam

28. The Spread of Islam Easy to learn and practice. One language
No priesthood. (There are religious experts/teachers) - imams
Teaches equality.
Non-Muslims, who were “Peoples of the Book,” were allowed religious freedom, but paid additional taxes.
Easily “portable”  nomads & trade routes.
Jihad (struggle) against non-believers (“infidels”).

29. Muslims in the World Today

30. Countries with the Largest Muslim Population1.
Indonesia
183,000,000 6.
Iran
62,000,000 2.
Pakistan
134,000,000 7.
Egypt
59,000,000 3.
India
121,000,000 8.
Nigeria
53,000,000 4.
Bangladesh
114,000,000 9.
Algeria
31,000,000 5.
Turkey
66,000,000
10.
Morocco
29,000,000
Arabs make up only 20% of the total Muslim population of the world.
Currently the fastest growing religion in the world

31. World Population 7.1 billion
Christianity billion billion 29% - 32%
Islam billion billion 19% - 21%
Buddhism million billion 17% - 21%
Hinduism million - 1 billion 14% - 20%
Judaism million – 18 million 2% - 4%