1. Unit 1: Absolutism & Enlightenment
2.2.16

2. Scientific Revolution 101
Brief overview of the scientists

3. Paracelsus German-Swiss physician and alchemist
Criticized the current education of physicians
Said it was incomplete
Established the role of chemistry in medicine
Wrote a clinical description of syphilis
First to declare that, if given in small doses, “what makes a man ill also cures him”
Led to the modern practice of  homeopathy

4. Vesalius Belgian physician
Revolutionized the study of biology & practice of medicine by his careful description of the anatomy of the human body
A thorough knowledge of human anatomy was essential to surgery, devoted much of his time to dissections of cadavers

5. Copernicus Heliocentric Theory
Studied movements of the planets for 25 years
Concluded that the sun is the center of the universe
Not published until year of his death

6. Brahe Danish astronomer
Worked in developing astronomical instruments & measuring and fixing the positions of stars
He proposed a modified Copernican system in which the planets revolved around the Sun, which in turn moved around the stationary Earth

7. Kepler German astronomer
Discovered three major laws of planetary motion
Provided one of the foundations for Newton's theory of universal gravitation

8. Bacon Descartes Encouraged to experiment then conclude
Advocated for the scientific method
Believed that when approached this way, science could become a tool for the betterment of humankind.
French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist
“Father of modern western philosophy”
Use mathematics and logic, assume nothing
Descartes

9. Galileo Galilei Italian scientist who used telescope to study heavens
Among his discoveries:
Jupiter has 4 moons
Moon has rough, uneven surface
Sun is center of universe

10. Galileo Pope makes Galileo stand trial in Rome to defend his theories
Under threat of torture, Galileo renounces Copernicus’ theory (and therefore his own)
Lived under house arrest for the rest of his life

11. Harvey Pascal English physician
First to describe completely and in detail the systemic circulation of blood being pumped to the brain and body by the heart
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer and Christian philosopher
Made important contributions to the study of fluids, and clarified the concepts of pressure and vacuum
Wrote in defense of the scientific method
Pascal

12. Newton English mathematician/physicist
All physical objects affected equally by the same forces
Same force ruled motions of the planets and all matter on earth
Establishes the law of gravity