1. The Home Front OBJECTIVE: Understand how WWII changed America.
#24 Ch.17.4 Notes
The Home Front
OBJECTIVE: Understand how WWII changed America.

2. I. Economic Gains
Defense industries boom, unemployment falls to 1.2% in 1944.
Average pay rises 10% during war.
Farmers prosper from rising crop prices, increase in production.
Percentage of women in work force rises to 35%.

3. Population Shifts: More than a million newcomers pour into California.
The population in towns with defense industries doubled or tripled.

4. Families must get to know each other again after fathers return.
Families adjust to fathers in the military; mothers rear children alone.
Families must get to know each other again after fathers return.
1944 GI Bill of Rights: law passed by Congress to help servicemen readjust to civilian life.
Pays education; loan guarantees for homes, new businesses.

5. II. Civil Rights Protests
Racial tensions rises in overcrowded Northern cities.
James Farmer founds Congress of Racial Equality (CORE).
1943 racial violence sweeps across country.

6. III. Tension in Los Angeles
Zoot Suit Riots in Summer 1943.
Zoot Suit was a style of clothing adopted by Mexican Americans.
Riots began when 11 sailors in LA claimed to be attacked by Zoot Suitors.
Triggers a week-long riot in which hundreds of Mexican Americans were beaten and arrested.

7. IV. Internment of Japanese Americans
1942 FDR signs removal of Japanese Americans in 4 states (Executive Order 9066).
U.S. Army forces 110,000 Japanese into prison camps.

8. ----DO NOT COPY---- Relocation Centers
Name
State
Opened
Max. Population
Manzanar
California
March 1942
10,046
Tule Lake
May 1942
18,789
Poston
Arizona
17,814
Gila River
July 1942
13,348
Granada
Colorado
August 1942
7,318
Heart Mountain
Wyoming
10,767
Minidoka
Idaho
9,397
Topaz
Utah
September 1942
8,130
Rohwer
Arkansas
8,475
Jerome
October 1942
8,497

9. 1944 Korematsu v. U.S.--- Court rules in favor of internment.
“military necessity”
After WWII, Japanese American Citizens League pushes for compensation.
1988, Congress grants $20,000 to everyone sent to relocation camp.

10. Ch.17.4 Review Advances Problems Economy African Americans
Mexican Americans
Japanese Americans
Fought in WWII (442nd regiment)