1. Splash Screen

2. A War on Two Fronts (cont.)
While one group of soldiers attacked San Juan Hill, the Rough Riders, led by Theodore Roosevelt and accompanied by the all-black 9th and 10th Cavalry Regiments, attacked Kettle Hill.
The plan worked, and the United States took control of Santiago and Puerto Rico.
Section 2

3. Which percentage of the American troops fighting in Cuba were African American?
D. 50% A B C D
Section 2

4. An American Empire
In defeating Spain, the United States acquired an overseas empire.
Section 2

5. An American Empire (cont.)
When deciding whether or not to annex the Philippines, the United States faced a difficult choice—remain true to its republican ideals or become an imperial power that ruled a foreign country without the consent of its people.
President McKinley ultimately decided to annex the islands.
On December 10, 1898, the U.S. and Spain signed the Treaty of Paris.
Section 2

6. An American Empire (cont.)
Although the United States had promised to grant Cuba its independence, President McKinley added the Platt Amendment to their Constitution.
This amendment made Cuba an American protectorate, and remained in effect until 1934.
Section 2

7. An American Empire (cont.)
In 1900, Congress passed the Foraker Act, establishing a civil government in Puerto Rico.
The debate over Puerto Rico’s status continues today.
Section 2

8. An American Empire (cont.)
The Philippine-American War, or Philippine Insurrection, lasted for more than three years.
To fight the guerrillas, the U.S. military adopted many of the same policies that America had condemned Spain for using in Cuba.
The first U.S. civilian governor of the islands, William Howard Taft, slowly reduced Filipino hostility through his reforms.
Section 2

9. An American Empire (cont.)
On July 4, 1902, the United States declared the war over.
By the mid-1930s, Filipinos were permitted to elect their own congress and president.
Finally, in 1946, the United States granted independence to the Philippines.
Section 2

10. A B C D The following happened under the Treaty of Paris EXCEPT
A. Cuba became an independent nation.
B. The United States acquired Puerto Rico and Guam.
C. The United States paid Spain $20 million for the Philippines.
D. The United States decided a senator would govern the Philippines. A B C D
Section 2

11. Section 2-End