1. Dr. Elizabeth Anthony hUmanities department FsTPi, uthm
Reference list
Dr. Elizabeth Anthony
hUmanities department
FsTPi, uthm

2. Copyright@alice/fstpi/2011
Reference list
All sources of reference that are cited must be listed at the end of the text as REFERENCE or BIBLIOGRAPHY
There are many ways of documenting sources.
The most common or widely used style is the American Psychological Association (APA) format.
It should be in alphabetical order.
Two or more sources by the same author must be
written in chronological order.

3. Copyright@alice/fstpi/2011
Reference list
BIBLIOGRAPHY
– a list of all sources that has been referred to including those not cited in the text.
REFERENCE
- a list of all sources that has been referred to and cited in the
text.

4. Copyright@alice/fstpi/2011
Reference list
Writing the Author’s Name
Author’s name is written according to the family or last name first followed by the abbreviation for the middle and first name.

5. Copyright@alice/fstpi/2011
Reference list
Western
Name: John Neville Pavlovic
Written: Pavlovic, J. N.
Malay
Name: Mohd Noor Abdullah
Written: Abdullah, M. N.

6. Copyright@alice/fstpi/2011
Reference list
Arabic
(a)
Name: Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas
Written: Al-Attas, S. M. N
(b)
Name: Malik ibn Anas
Written: Ibn Anas, M.

7. Copyright@alice/fstpi/2011
Reference list
Chinese
(a)
Name: Tan Beng Keat
Written: Tan, B. K.
(b)
Name: Raymond Tan Beng Keat
Written: Tan, R. B. K.

8. Copyright@alice/fstpi/2011
Reference list
Indian
(a)
Name: Srinivasan Venkataraman
Written: Venkataraman, S
(b)
Name: S. N. Gupta
Written: Gupta, S. N.

9. Copyright@alice/fstpi/2011
Reference list
Sikh
(a)
Name: Pretam Singh
Written: Singh, P.
(b)
Name: Daljit Kaur
Written: Kaur, D

10. Copyright@alice/fstpi/2011
Reference list
Types of resources or references
books;
journals;
specific chapters in a book;
websites; and
other types of materials

11. Copyright@alice/fstpi/2011
Books
Book by a single author
Author’s Name. (Year). Title of book. (Edition). Place of Publication: Publisher.
Example:
Haig, M. (2001). The B2B e-Commerce Handbook: How to Transform your Business to Business Global Marketing Strategy. London: Kogan Page.

12. Copyright@alice/fstpi/2011
Books
Book by two or three authors
1st Author’s Name & 2nd Author’s Name. (Year). Title of book. (Edition). Place of Publication: Publisher.
Example:
Boone, L. E. & Kurtz, D. (2001). Contemporary Marketing. (10th ed.). Texas: Harcourt Colleges Publishers.
Allen, C., Kania, D. & Yaeckel, B. (2002). One-to-one Web Marketing: Build a Relationship Marketing
Strategy. (2nd ed.). New York: John Wiley.

13. Copyright@alice/fstpi/2011
Books
Book by more than three authors
1st Author. et. al. (Year). Title of book. (Edition). Place of Publication: Publisher.
Example:
Amrine, H. et.al. (1993). Manufacturing Organization and Management. (6th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

14. Copyright@alice/fstpi/2011
Edited books
Name of Editor. (Ed.). (Year). Title of book. Place of Publication: Publisher.
Example
Martin, A. M. (Ed.) (1991). Peat as an Agent in Biological Degradation of Waste. London: Elsevier.

15. Copyright@alice/fstpi/2011
Chapters in a Book
Name of Author of Chapter. (Year). Title of Chapter in Name of Main Author or Editor of Book, Title of Book (pp. first page – last page). Place of Publication: Publisher.
Example:
Cruise, J.T. & Salleh, S. (1999). Video: Effective Use in Creating Learning Material in J. L. Hunters & M. K. Brown, Multimedia: Applications and Implications (2nd ed, pp ). Kuala Lumpur: Pelangi Press

16. Copyright@alice/fstpi/2011
Articles in Journals
Author’s Name. (Year). Title of Article in the Journal. Title of Journal. Volume (Issue), pp. first page – last page.
Example:
Kargonkar, P. (2002). Web Usage, Advertising and Shopping: Relationship
Patterns. Internet Research: Electronic Networking and Policy. 12(2), pp. 191 – 204.

17. Copyright@alice/fstpi/2011
Websites
Author’s Name. (Year). Title of Electronic Text. [Online]. Available: Website Address. [Year, Month, Date].
Example
Morisson, K. (No Date). Thinking Skills – Keys to Fusing Talents. [Online]. Available: [2010, December, 29].

18. Copyright@alice/fstpi/2011
Newspaper
Name of Journalist. (Year, Month, Date). Title of Article. Name of Newspaper, p.
Example
Baginda, R. (2011, January 14). Critical Thinking Essential for Quality Universities. The Sun, p. 20.

19. Copyright@alice/fstpi/2011
Lectures
Name of Speaker. (Year). Title of Speech/Lecture. [Unrecorded]. Place. Date.
Example
Anthony, E. (2011). APA Referencing Skills. [Unrecorded]. Bilik Kuliah 10 UTHM. 21 January.

20. Copyright@alice/fstpi/2011
Dictionary
Name of Author. (Year). Name of Dictionary. p.
Example:
Longman. (1989). Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. p.259.