1. Bell work
Clear your desk in preparation for a photosynthesis quiz.

2. Questions What do you know about cellular respiration?
What do you know about how it relates to photosynthesis?

3. Ch 7 Cellular Respiration
Explain cellular respiration and its three stages: glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle and electron transport chain.
Know where each stage of cellular respiration takes place.
Write the chemical equation for cellular respiration and identify the reactants and products.
Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Describe the two main types of fermentation?

4. Cellular Respiration
process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules
Aerobic respiration
requires oxygen
takes place in the mitochondria
converts sugar and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and energy [ATP]
three sets of chemical reactions
glycolysis
Kreb’s cycle
electron transport chain

5. Answer the following question
A student sets up a sealed ecosystem containing a snail (a consumer) and an elodea (a producer). The balance of gases in the ecosystem remains stable over a period of several days. The student concludes that the gas output of the snail equals the gas intake of the elodea and that the gas input of the snail equals the gas output of the elodea. Which finding would suggest that the student’s conclusion must be re-evaluated due to another consumer accidentally being included in the ecosystem?
A) Oxygen content of air in the ecosystem rises when the snail is removed.
B) Oxygen content of air in the ecosystem falls when the elodea is removed.
C) Carbon dioxide content of air in the ecosystem shows little change when the snail is removed.
D) Carbon dioxide content of air in the ecosystem shows little change when the elodea is removed. C

6. Chemical Equation C6H12O6 + O2  CO2 + H2O + ATP
glucose + oxygen yields carbon dioxide + water + energy

7. Glycolysis
process in which one molecule of glucose is broken in half, producing two molecules of pyruvic acid
takes place in cytosol of cytoplasm
does not require oxygen
converts glucose, ADP, and NAD+
to pyruvic acid, ATP, and NADH
net production of ATP: 2 ATP
Glycolysis.mov

8. Kreb’s Cycle
second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions
takes place in matrix of mitochondrion
converts pyruvic acid, NAD+, FAD+, and ADP
to CO2, NADH, FADH2, ATP
net production of ATP: 2 ATP

9. Electron Transport Chain
high-energy electrons from the Krebs cycle are used to convert ADP into ATP
takes place at inner membrane of the mitochondrion
converts O2, NADH, FADH2 and ADP
to H2O, NAD+, FAD+, ATP
net production of ATP: 32 ATP

10. Electron Transport Chain

11. Cellular Respiration Glycolysis Kreb’s Cycle Electron Transport Chain
2 ATP
Kreb’s Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
32 ATP
Total: 36 ATP

12. Review and Extend

13. Standards
SPI Compare and contrast photosynthesis and cellular respiration in terms of energy transformation.
SPI Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

14. Find a Partner

15. Overview of Aerobic Respiration
Two Main Parts:
Krebs Cycle (citric acid cycle) – uses pyruvate
Electron Transport Chain – uses NADH

16. With your partner
Draw a mitochondria and label the parts.

17. Mitochondria Cristae: Matrix:
Folds of the inner membrane where the ETC takes place.
Fluid inside the inner membrane that contains many enzymes that facilitate the Krebs cycle.

18. Aerobic Respiration - Step 1
Pyruvate/ Pyruvic Acid
Products:
Diffuses into the mitochondrial matrix where it becomes Acetyl CoA.
NADH for ETC
CO2 diffuses out of cell

19. With your partner:
Dogs - summarize Step 1 for your partner.

20. Step 2 : Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs)
Acetyl CoA moves into the citric acid cycle and produces NADH and FADH2 for the ETC.

21. With your partner:
Horses - Summarize the Krebs Cycle for your partner.

22. Step 3 - Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
NADH, FADH, & Oxygen are used to create a concentration gradient that makes ATP and water.

23. Overview

24. With your Partner
Using these products and reactants create a chemical equation for cell respiration:
Glucose, oxygen , carbon dioxide , ATP, water

25. Anaerobic Respiration

26. Overview of Cell Respiration
Glucose
Aerobic Respiration
36 ATP
Glycolysis
2 ATP
Pyruvate
Fermentation
Latic Acid
Alcohol

27. Glycolysis Reactants: Products: Glucose, 2 ATP, NAD+
Pyruvate – moves to Kreb Cycle H2O – becomes part of cytoplasm 4 ATP – used by cell NADH – moves to electron transport chain
Pyruvate quickly becomes Pyruvic Acid!!
The red circles are what they really need to remember but it won’t hurt to show them it is a little more complicated.

28. Pause & Think Determine what all of these might have in common.
Yes, all cells have mitochondria.

29. Fermentation Two types of fermentation: Lactic Acid fermentation:
Alcohol fermentation:
Performed by human muscle cells and some microorganisms to turn pyruvic acid into lactic acid - used to make cheeses, yogurt, sour cream.
Performed by some microorganisms to turn pyruvic acid into alcohol – used to make intoxicating beverages.

30. Anaerobic Respiration
process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen
also known as fermentation
begins with Glycolysis
Two types of fermentation
lactic acid fermentation
animal muscles
pyruvic acid + NADH  lactic acid + NAD+
alcoholic fermentation
Yeasts and a few other microorganisms
forms ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide as wastes.
pyruvic acid + NADH  alcohol + CO2 + NAD+

31. Anaerobic Respiration
Cellular respiration
Fermentation
requires O2
no O2 required
36 ATP
2 ATP
Glycolysis
Kreb’s Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Lactic acid fermentation or
Alcoholic fermentation