1. Opening Assignment 1. What page does Chapter 14 Sec 1 start?
2. What are the first 2 key concepts?
3. Preview the pages what do you think you are going to learn about.
4. Page 474 – what are the three common temperature scales?

2. Thermal Energy
Temperature and Heat

3. Temperature
If the weatherperson tells you its going to be 20 degrees out, what are you going to wear?
Do you need a coat when you go outside?
Or only shorts and a T shirt?
What you decide depends on what 20 degrees means.

4. What is Temperature?
It is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.

5. What happens when the temperature of an object is increased?

6. What happens when things get hot?
Their molecules move faster -- they have more kinetic energy.
Most substances EXPAND when they get hot!

7. Expansion Joints in bridges

8. Eureka – expansion and contraction
Episode 21

9. What happens when things get cold?
Their molecules slow down.
Most substances contract….(get smaller)

10. Example Why does water appear on the side of a cold glass of ice water in the summer?

11. Water is one of the few substances that expands when it gets cold.

12. Potholes - They happen because water change state!

13. How do you measure temperature?

14. Eureka Episode 20 Measuring Temperature

15. Measuring Temperature
1. When you measure the temperature of something, what are you really measuring?
2. Anders Celsius came up with the Celsius scale to measure temperature or degree of hotness… How did he do this?

16. Anders Celsius

17. How do thermometers work?
Thermometers consist of a liquid – alcohol or mercury – sealed in a glass tube.
Heat is added
Particles in the
liquid start to
move faster and
spread out
Liquid in the
Thermometer
rises

18. Temperature scales Three common scales of temperature Fahrenheit scale
Celsius
Kelvin

20. Know these important temperatures!
Freezing/melting point of water is 32 degrees F or 0 degrees C.
Boiling point of water degrees F or 100 degrees C.
Body temperature degrees F or 37 degrees C
The temperature at ABSOLUTE ZERO It is a theoretical point at which all molecules and atoms stop moving……

21. Absolute Zero Dream Achieved

22. Mr… Edmonds – Are heat and temperature the same thing?

23. Thermal Energy and Heat
Are they the same thing?????

24. Thermal energy- What is it?
Thermal energy is total kinetic energy of the particles in an object.
Atoms and molecules are always in constant motion!
Think of it as the internal energy of all the particles in an object. It tells you how fast the particles in a substance are moving!

25. Thermal Energy Temperature Depends on The number of
particles in an object
Temperature

26. How is temperature related to Thermal Energy
For the same size cups
Temperature goes up  thermal energy increases
Temp. goes down  thermal energy decreases
Kinetic energy

27. How is thermal energy related to number of particles?
Different size cups
Same temperature  the cup with more particles has more thermal energy
Kinetic energy

28. Eureka Episode 21 Temperature vs. Heat
QUANTITY of HOTNESS = Thermal energy

29. 1. Which should you use to increase the temperature of the bath water, the bucket or the cup? ________. Why?
2. The bucket has more thermal energy than the cup. Explain why.

30. Heat always flows from warmer to cooler objects.
Cup gets cooler while hand gets warmer
Heat - What is it?
The flow of thermal energy from one object to another.
Heat always flows from warmer to cooler objects.
Ice gets warmer while hand gets cooler

31. How is heat transferred for each of these objects?

32. Graph the temp over time

33. How is heat transferred for each cup?

37. Summing up what I have learned
________ _______ is the total energy of all the particles in an object.
______________ is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles.
The transfer of thermal energy (from warmer to cooler) is called _________.

38. Radiation, Conduction and Convection
Heat transfer
Radiation, Conduction and Convection

39. Specific Heat

40. Land heats up and cools down faster than water
6. Specific Heat
a. Some things heat up or cool down faster than others.
Land heats up and cools down faster than water

41. b. Specific heat is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a material by one degree (C or K).
1) C water = 4184 J / kg C
2) C sand = 664 J / kg C
This is why land heats up quickly during the day and cools quickly at night and why water takes longer.

42. Why does water have such a high specific heat?
water metal
Water molecules form strong bonds with each other; therefore it takes more heat energy to break them. Metals have weak bonds and do not need as much energy to break them.

43. How to calculate changes in thermal energy
Q = m x T x Cp
Q = change in thermal energy
m = mass of substance
T = change in temperature (Tf – Ti)
Cp = specific heat of substance

44. First, mass and temperature of water are measured
c. A calorimeter is used to help measure the specific heat of a substance.
First, mass and temperature of water are measured
Knowing its Q value, its mass, and its T, its Cp can be calculated
Then heated sample is put inside and heat flows into water
This gives the heat lost by the substance
T is measured for water to help get its heat gain