1. World War I

2. So…what started it all?
Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne.
He was killed by a Bosnian Serb (of Serbia)

3. Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand

5. The War Begins…. July 28th, 1914 Austria declares war on Serbia
Germany declares war on Russia (because of alliance with Austria-Hungary)
Germany declares war on France

6. Because of the global empires of many European nations, and because of so many alliances among countries, the war soon spread worldwide.

7. Total War
War in which countries use all their resources for the war.

8. The Role of Propaganda
Definition of Propaganda:
spreading of ideas to promote a cause or to damage an opposing cause
In order to maintain a “total war”, needed to control public opinion
Governments censored casualty (death) figures and criticism of war
Goal: to encourage everyone to support the war effort.

10. Allied Propaganda focused on portraying the Germans as barbarians, telling stories of atrocities against innocent people.

11. French Propaganda

12. American Propaganda

13. The intention of propaganda used by Central Powers (Germany & Austria-Hungary) was to portray the Allies as inferior in many ways. Oftentimes racist to show weakness.

14. German Propaganda

15. German Propaganda

16. British
Propaganda
Many of the postcards issued by both sides in the two great conflicts were intended to belittle the enemy by poking fun at them in often quite simplistic and crude ways. "Negative propaganda", the misinformation of mockery, hatred and fear, was a powerful tool in the weaponry of forces on both the Allied and Central sides in World War One.

17. Schlieffen Plan German Plan
Way to avoid a two-front war against France on West and Russia on East
Germany must
defeat France quickly then defeat Russia
To defeat France, Germany had to march through the country of Belgium
Belgium and Britain had a treaty
Britain declares war on Germany

18. Fronts of the War
Western Front – Germany V. France, Britain, and Belgium 475 miles
Eastern Front - Russia V. Germans and Austrians Baltic Sea to Black Sea.
Balkan Front - Ottoman Empire V. British and Russian
Italian Front - Italy V. Austria- Hungary

19. contributed to the invention
Modern Weapons of the War
The Industrial Revolution
contributed to the invention
of new modern weapons

20. Machine Guns

21. Tanks

22. Flame Throwers
guns that sprayed
burning gas

23. Spy Planes
Planes could not drop bombs yet

24. Submarines

25. Poison Gas
chlorine gas burns throat and lungs (75 different types)
Gas Masks
Created as a defense from poison gas

26. Soldiers dug up lines of trenches that went for 475 miles across northern France.

27. The Trench War (along the Western Front)
The Conditions:
Water collected in the trench and soldiers drowned or died of diseases because of rats and flies.
Soldiers who kept watch in trenches would fall asleep, endangering lives.
Life could be very boring and scary.
Could catch “Trench Foot”
Rats would eat the dead and flies would swarm around open wounds.

29. Trench Foot

30. Over the Top
“Over the top” meant to charge into “no man’s land” (the area between the trenches (had barbed wire and land mines)

31. No Man's Land

32. Stalemate High casualties
Results of Trench War
Stalemate
High casualties
Growing sense of disillusionment with war – letters home told of realities of war