1. Union in Crisis/ Causes of the Civil War
Chapter 2 Section 2

2. Lecture Focus Question
How did the issue of slavery divide the Union? Explain.

3. Economic & Social Differences
SOUTH
NORTH
Cotton gin → greater need for slaves
South focused on plantation life
Held onto antiquated social order
Economy was industry- based, diverse
Focused on city life
Society evolved as people of different cultures and classes had to work together

4. State vs. Federal Rights
Nullification: idea that states had the right to overrule federal laws
Federal govt didn’t recognize this right!
Nullification Crisis: SC nullified Tariff of 1828 → overruled by federal govt.
Secession: act of withdrawing from a larger group

5. Slave vs. Non-slave Proponents
New territories/states → Slave or free?
Missouri Compromise of 1820: prohibited slavery in states north of the 36 ̊ 30’ parallel
Compromise of 1850: created by Henry Clay to keep balance between slave and non-slave states/ northern and southern interests

7. Compromise of 1850 California admitted as a free state
Sale of slaves forbidden
Fugitive Slave Act: ordered all citizens to assist in the capture and return of all escaped slaves
Kansas-Nebraska Act: voters in each territory would decide the issue of slavery via popular vote (popular sovereignty)

8. Brain Snack
Why did attempts to compromise over the issue of slavery continue to fail?

9. Growth of Abolitionist Movement
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Anti-slavery novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe
Depicts reality of slavery
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Supreme Court ruled that slaves were property not citizens and therefore not protected by the Constitution
John Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry
Failed attempt to start an armed slave revolt in VA

10. Election of 1860 Lincoln wins presidential election of 1860
Lincoln states that all, including slaves, have right to life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness.
South believed Lincoln was anti-slavery and in favor of Northern interests = anti-South!

11. Birth of the Confederacy
Confederate States of America: new nation created by seceding Southern states
South Carolina: 1st to secede on Dec. 20th, states followed shortly after, and 10 in total joined the Confederacy.
Richmond, VA: Confederate capital city

12. Birth of the Confederacy
Jefferson Davis: president of the Confederacy
Confederate Constitution: Protected sates right to secede, it’s independence, and protected slavery
Fort Sumter: SC demanded that US Army abandon the fort, shots fired
Civil War begins!

13. SUMMARY
Summary These notes are about…
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