1. Essentials of Public Speaking
Persuasive
Speaking:
Individual or
Team
Chapter 12
Essentials of Public Speaking
Cheryl Hamilton
5th Edition
Cheryl Hamilton, Ph.D.
Chapter 12 – Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

2. Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team
Key Ideas
Definition of Persuasion
Types of persuasive speeches
Preparing a persuasive speech
Effective team presentations
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

3. Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team
Flashback . . .
The Greek general Pericles was known for the power and persuasion of his oratory. He convinced . . .
The Delian Defense League to transfer their war treasury to Athens (for safe keeping).
The Athenians to use this money for peace, not war—
To rebuild the Acropolis (previously destroyed by the Persians).
To build the Parthenon.
To build the Great Temple of Athena.
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

4. Overview of Persuasion
Persuasion occurs when you ethically but intentionally organize your communication to influence the attitudes, behaviors, and choices of a specific audience (p.277)
Persuasion is intentional
Persuasive speakers use
influence not control
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

5. Persuasive vs. Informative Speeches
Persuasive speeches include . . .
Supporting materials that prove
Language and style involves an emotional appeal
Forceful, direct, stylistic delivery that supports the speaker’s credibility
Organizational patterns such as problem-solution or motivated sequence that can influence audience opinion
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

6. Parts of an Effective Argument
The Aim - a position statement or the conclusion you hope your audience will reach
The Evidence – supports the claim with materials
The Warrant – justifies the evidence and shows how it supports the claim
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

7. The “Means of Persuasion”
Ethos – the ethics or character of the speaker
Pathos – refers to the emotional needs of the audience
Logos – the logical proof used to support arguments
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

8. Types of Persuasive Speeches
Speech to Convince – asks the audience to agree with the speaker’s position
Speech to Actuate – urges audience members to . . .
Continue doing something
Stop doing something
Never start doing something
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

9. Types of Persuasive Speeches
Speech to stimulate or intensify social cohesion
Getting the audience more motivated, enthusiastic, and or productive
Getting the audience to recommit to a cause
The key is on vivid emotional appeals and forceful, dynamic delivery
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

10. Preparing a Persuasive Speech
Select the topic
Select a topic that fits the assignment
Select a topic that is controversial
Select a topic you feel strongly about
Select a topic you already know a lot about (if possible)
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

11. Preparing a Persuasive Speech
Decide on a position statement
Statement of Fact: Is something true or false?
Statement of Value: Is something good or bad; right or wrong; wise or beautiful
Statement of Policy: using facts and value judgements to recommend a policy or solution
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

12. Preparing a Persuasive Speech
Decide on the type of speech
Convince
Actuate
Stimulate or intensify social cohesion
Analyze audience attitudes toward your position
Opinions
Beliefs
Values
Needs
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

13. Preparing a Persuasive Speech
Prepare a rough-draft outline
Research your topic
Positions for and against your position
Answers to major audience objections
Additional benefits
Select the best supporting materials
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

14. Preparing a Persuasive Speech
Determine best how to organize main points
Consider speech type
Consider type of position statement
Consider assignment requirements
Choosing the best persuasive pattern
Statement of fact – Claim, Cause-Effect-Solution
Statement of value – Claim, Criteria Satisfaction
Policy – Motivated Sequence
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

15. Using the Motivated Sequence
Attention Step – grab listener’s attention
Need Step – focus audience attention on a specific problem
Satisfaction Step – present a solution
Visualization Step – present a future for the audience (improved or undesirable)
Action Step – challenge audience to take action
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

16. Plan Introduction and Conclusion
Plan the introduction
Attention getter
Motivation to listen
Evidence of your credibility
State purpose and preview main points
Plan the conclusion
Summarize main points and position
Conclude with a memorable ending and challenge
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

17. Preparation Outline and Speaking Notes
Helps you better evaluate organization and arguments
Formally structured
Include transitions to link arguments
List of references
Brackets to indicate visuals
Speaking Notes
Prepare last
Use few words
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

18. Prepare Visual Aids and Rehearse
Sketch out possible slides to make
Prepare visuals according to graphic and text guidelines
Rehearse
Delivery effects credibility
Practice on your feet
Practice speaking with a strong enthusiastic voice
Practice with visual aids
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

19. Characteristics of Team Presentations
A team is composted of 5 – 7 members
Involves collaborative organization and presentation of content by team members
Uses one of the following public discussion formats:
Form
Symposium
Panel
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

20. Effective Team Presentations
Well-organized, well-supported, smooth flowing content
Creative, professional and well-used Visuals
Smooth polished, and dynamic team performance
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

21. Problem Solving for Teams
Identify the problem
When did the problem first arise?
Who is affected?
What are the implications?
When must the problem be solved?
Analyze the problem
Determine what is known about the problem
Determine audience objections about the problem
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

22. Problem Solving for Teams
Establish Criteria for solutions
List possible solutions
Evaluate solutions against the criteria
Discuss how to implement solutions
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

23. Team Presentation Formats
Forum
Open audience participation
Team addresses audience issues
Symposium
Each tem member present 2 – 20 minute speech on one aspect of the topic
Purpose of instruct or persuade
Panel
No formal speeches presented
Team members informally discuss the problem or issue
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team

24. Essentials of Public Speaking
Persuasive
Speaking:
Individual or
Team
Chapter 12
Essentials of Public Speaking
Cheryl Hamilton
5th Edition
Cheryl Hamilton, Ph.D.
Chapter 12– Persuasive Speaking: Individual or Team