1. Body & Behavior

2. How Are Genes & Behavior Linked?
Evolution- fundamentally shaped psychological processes b/c it favors genetic variations that produce adaptive behavior

3. Biopsychology & Neuroscience
How Genes & Behavior Linked
innate- “programmed” for…
evolution- process: generational adaptation to environment
natural selection- survival of the fittest

4. Genetic & Inheritance Nature v Nurture!!! genetics influence???
genotype- genetic make-up [blueprint]
phenotype- observable physical characteristics &
“wiring” of brain
chromosomes- genes are organized
genes- encodes directions for inherited characteristics
DNA- molecule encoding genetic characteristics
Nature v Nurture!!!

5. How Does the Body Communicate Internally?
communication systems… nervous & endocrine
**use chemical messengers

6. Brain
organ
control center…
communication
learning
emotions
memory
oxygen & energy

7. Protecting the System
components…
damage =

8. Structure of System

9. core control monitoring body... Nervous System neurons -
synapses -
monitoring body...
sensory – cell gathers
motor – cell sends

10. Nervous System Organization
Peripheral nervous system
Central nervous system (CNS)
Autonomic nervous system
Somatic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system

11. Nervous System @ Work chemical message… neurotransmitters –
(dopamine / serotonin / norepinephrine)

12. Nervous Work
plasticity-
synaptic pruning

13. Nervous System @ Work mirror neurons** somatic ns (SNS)
autonomic ns (ANS)
sympathetic
parasympathetic**
thalamus relays messages
mirror neurons**

14. Endocrine System @ Work
2nd system: messages via glands
hypothalamus = conductor
pituitary = “master gland”
hormones =
growth
digestion
sexual reproduction

15. How to Study? electroencephalograph (EEG)
computerized axial tomography (CAT scan)
magnetic-resonance imaging (MRI)
positron emission tomography (PET)

16. Studying & Recording
CAT Scan MRI
MRI
CAT

17. Studying & Recording
PET
PET

18. Studying & Recording
FMRI

19. Studying & Recording
MEG
Magnetoencephalography

20. Phineas Gage

21. Present Day Happenings

25. Brain Diagrammed

26. Limbic System

28. Lobes

29. Frontal Lobe Personality Goal Directed Behavior
attention & concentration
planning
Fine Motor
Personality
judgment / reasoning
emotional expression
creativity
Expressive Language

30. Parietal Lobe Bodily sensation Language comprehension Speech
Visual & Spatial abilities

31. Temporal Lobe Complex vision Hearing Balance & equilibrium
Emotions & motivation
Perceptual judgment
Memories

32. Occipital Lobe
Vision
Limbic System
Pain
Hunger
“Fight” or “Flight” Responses
Emotions / Motivations
Memories

33. Brain Power

34. Gender Differences Physical structure Functionality
**strengths & weaknesses**

35. Brain Problems

36. (briefly explain reasoning)
Lobe Assignment
#1 If a fly lands on your forearm and you both see and feel it, which causes you to swing your other hand at it, which lobes of the brain are involved in this event?
(briefly explain reasoning)
#2 You hear your favorite song, what lobes go into action?
#3 Create your own & answer

41. Leftie or Rightie? look at the spinning woman…
if she is turning right your right side of your brain is working .
if she is turning left your left side of your brain is working .

43. The Brain Stem and Cerebellum
Thalamus
Pons
Cerebellum
Medulla
Brain stem

44. The Limbic System Hypothalamus – blood-testing lab
Amygdala – memory & emotion
[fear & aggression]
Hippocampus – long-term memories

45. Lobes of Cerebral Cortex
Frontal (movement & thinking)
Parietal (sensation & spatial info)
Occipital (contain visual cortex)
Temporal (process sounds, including speech)

46. Hemispheres of Brain

47. Specialization of the Cerebral Hemispheres
Left
Right
Repetitive not spontaneous speaking
Spontaneous speaking & writing
Responses to complex commands
Responses to simple commands
Word recognition
Facial recognition
Memory- words & #s
Memory- shapes & music
Sequences of movements
Spatial interpretation
Emotional responsiveness
Feelings of anxiety
Positive emotion
Negative emotion

48. Optic nerve
Optic chiasm
Optic tract
Lateral geniculate nucleus
Optic radiation
Primary visual cortex

50. Cerebrum Cerebrum – topmost layer
Cerebral cortex – gray-matter covering of cerebrum; **thinking & perceiving
Cerebral hemispheres – halves of cerebrum,
connected by ??