1. The Factors
that Affect
Climate

2. Identify six factors
that affect climate
and explain
how each
affects climate.

3. Latitude
HIGH LATITUDES
LOW LATITUDES
HIGH LATITUDES

4. Examples: LOW LATITUDE Miami, Florida Dallas, Texas Mexico Brazil
HIGH LATITUDE
Detroit, Michigan
Fargo, North Dakota
Canada
Greenland

5. As latitude ________, the average annual temperature _________.
How does latitude
affect climate?
As latitude ________, the average
annual temperature _________.
The _______ you get from the equator, the ________ it gets.
increases
decreases
further
colder

6. Altitude

7. We live in the troposphere. Temperature decreases
Altitude
Page 14 of the ESRTs
We live in the troposphere. Temperature decreases
with elevation.

8. During summer, temperature is strongly controlled by altitude -- cold at the higher reaches of the Alaska and Brooks Ranges, and warmer in the lowlands.

9. As altitude _________, the average annual temperature __________.
How does altitude
affect climate?
As altitude _________, the average
annual temperature __________.
increases
decreases
Temperature
Altitude

10. Distance From Large Bodies of Water

11. Climate is more MILD (less fluctuation)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
Climate is more MILD (less fluctuation)
Climate is more SEVERE (more fluctuation)
CLOSE to large body of water.
FAR from large body of water.

12. Water __________ the temperature. _______ summers. _______ winters.
How does distance from a large
body of water affect climate?
Water __________ the temperature.
_______ summers. _______ winters.
moderates
Cooler
Warmer
Cities A & B are located
at the same latitude.
City B is closer to a large body of water.
Its temperature line is flatter (moderated).

13. Ocean Currents

14. The Gulf Stream

15. Example:
Westmanna, Iceland
63° N, 20° W
Hebron, Labrador
58° N, 63° W

16. Warm Currents: warmer climate Cold Currents: cooler climate
How do ocean currents
affect climate?
Warm Currents: warmer climate
Cold Currents: cooler climate

17. Prevailing Winds Westerlies Trade Winds Trade Winds Westerlies
Polar Easterlies
Westerlies
Trade Winds
Trade Winds
Westerlies
Polar Easterlies

18. The Great Lakes
Winds generally blow from west to east across the Great Lakes. The winds pick up moisture that evaporates from the lakes. As a result, areas that are downwind can receive large amounts of snow.
What is the name of this wind belt?

19. How do prevailing winds affect climate?
Winds that blow inland from oceans or
large lakes carry more ____________
than winds that blow over land.
The amount of water vapor in the air mass
influences how much ____________ or
____________ will fall.
water vapor
rain
snow

20. Most precipitation occurs on the WINDWARD side of the mountain.
Mountain Ranges
Most precipitation occurs on the WINDWARD side of the mountain.

21. Madagascar
Can you tell which way the wind blows in this region?
As the moist air goes over the mountain, the temperature drops so it rains.

22. Windward Side: ___________ Leeward Side: _____________
How do mountains
affect climate?
Windward Side: ___________
Leeward Side: _____________
moist
dry