1. Updated MLA Style of Works Cited Citations
From MLA Handbook, 8th Edition
as interpreted by Mrs. Wojciechowski

2. The changes discussed here apply to
The style of in-text citations has undergone a few minor changes.
The changes discussed here apply to
works cited citations.
Some changes to in-text citations:
-Block quotes should be indented 1/2 inch instead of 1 inch
-Exclamation points and question marks should stay inside the quotation instead of after the parenthetical citation.
-Omit the abbreviation for no page.

3. MLA style of citation before April 2016:
A citation format for each kind of source
Separate rules for citing a book, a journal article, a newspaper article, etc.
Required scholars to know what kind of source they were using so they could choose the appropriate template
-cookie-cutter
-time consuming

4. MLA style of citation after April 2016:
Not centered on publication formats
Deals with facts common to most works
As such, a work in a new medium can be documented without having to consult new instructions.

5. Overall, the new MLA style of citation…
…is more streamlined.
…is easier because there are fewer things to remember.
…focuses on the overall purpose of source documentation.
No EasyBib!
– You have to consider not only the who, what, where of your source but how you will use that source, how you have accessed the source. There is some subjectivity to creating the new MLA works cited citation. In this new style, there can be two students using the same source who correctly cite it in two different ways.
-Easier for students who are familiar with the former system

6. Why change the MLA style of citation?
The new style of citation applies to “traditional, linear texts” (Modern Language Association xiii) but also to “weblike texts and even to projects that aren’t texts at all” (Modern Language Association xii).
Additionally, “student research and writing today take many forms other than the research paper” (Modern Language Association xiii).

7. Begin with the same evaluative method and consider:
Who is the author of the source?
What is the source?
How was the source produced?
Where did you find the source?
When was the source published?

8. “The Core Elements”: -An element is omitted if it is not relevant to the source. -Note the punctuation.
-If you have to omit information, you do not have include the abbreviations nd (no date), n. pag., etc.
-In this new style, it can be common to have to omit information.
-The punctuation is easier: periods after author, title of source, and location; commas between everything else.

9. What a basic citation might look like:
Author. Title of source. Title of container, Other contributors, Version, Number, Publisher, Publication date, Location. *Not all Core Elements might appear in a citation. If you can’t find an element, omit it.

10. 1) Author.
Refers to the person or group primarily responsible for producing the work or the aspect of the work you focus on
i.e., works in film and television are produced by many people working in a variety of capacities
If your discussion of a work focuses on a particular person – the performance of an actor or the ideas of the screenwriter - - begin the entry with his or her name and then a descriptive label.
Examples:
Gellar, Sarah Michelle, performer. Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Mutant Enemy, or
Whedon, Joss, creator. Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Mutant Enemy,
Largely the same - -
The new component focuses on the person or group “primarily responsible for producing the aspect of the work you focus on.”
I.e., If you were to have cited a television show under the former style, you would automatically jump to the creator as author, even if you didn’t ever refer to that person but instead focused on the actors in your discourse.
This also leads to the addition of descriptors for “authors” who aren’t literally “authors,” like performers, creators, directors, translators.

11. 1) Author (continued) Last name, First name.
Doesn’t have to be an individual; can be an institution or organization
Pseudonyms, including usernames, should be recorded as author names.
No author’s name? Skip the author element of the citation.
Example:
@persiankiwi. “We have reports of large street battles in east & west of Tehran now - #Iranelection.” Twitter, 23 June 2009, 11:15 a.m.,
twitter.com/persiankiwi/status/

12. 2) Title of source.
Title appears in italics if the source is self-contained and independent.
Title appears in quotation marks if the source is part of a larger work.
Pretty much the same- -

13. 3) Title of container,
When the source is part of a larger whole, the larger whole should be considered the container.
Examples: A poem in an anthology; a song on a CD; an article on a website
The container is normally italicized and followed by a comma.
Nested containers: when a source is part of multiple containers, like…
…a blog as part of a network
…back issues of a journal housed in an electronic database
…a book of short stories available on Google Books
Account for all the containers that enclose your source.

14. 3) Title of container, Example:
In this example, The Georgia Review is the core container. JSTOR is the container in which that source is nested.

15. 3) Title of container (continued)
Nested containers will probably be the most common and one of the newest elements of the MLA citation style.
Since so much research is conducted online, tracking the containers for a source is very important for accurate documentation because a single text can be available through multiple sources.
Examples:
-a book in print, via Kindle, or via a published PDF
-an article in print, linked to a blog, or published in a journal available through a database
This added emphasis is nice for teachers because we want to see how students are accessing their information. You might have a student who sees a link advertised on a blog that takes her to a YouTube video.
Citing the containers lets the reader know how the student reached her sources.
As such, if you see the same source on two works cited pages but with different citations, it is probably (hopefully) because the students reached their source in different ways.

16. 4) Other contributors,
If other people aside from the author are credited in the source…
And if their participation is important to your research…
…name the other contributors.
Precede each name with a description of the other contributor’s role.
Examples:
Adapted by
Translated by
Edited by
Introduction by
Directed by
This is another Core Element that can be subjective.

17. 5) Version, Versions refer to work released in more than one form.
If this doesn’t apply to the source, skip it.
Examples:
Revised or second editions of a book
Unabridged version
Director’s cut
Schubert, Franz. Piano Trio in E Flat Major D 929. Performance by Wiener Mozart-Trio,
Unabridged version, Deutsch 929, Preiser Records, 2011.
This is one of the core elements that is likely to be omitted from the most basic of citations.

18. 6) Number,
Include this element if you are documenting a source that is part of a sequence.
If it doesn’t apply to your source, skip it.
Examples:
Journal issues
Comic books
Seasons and episodes of a television series
Rampersad, Arnold. The Life of Langston Hughes. 2nd ed., vol. 2, Oxford UP,

19. 7) Publisher,
The publisher is the entity responsible for making a source available to the public.
If there isn’t a publisher listed, then skip it.
This element is largely unchanged from the former MLA citation style.
If the source’s publisher and author are the same, you do not have to re-list the name under the “Publisher” slot.

20. 8) Publication date,
Cite the date that is most relevant to your source.
Example: The date of an online work may appear at the site along with the print date of the same work. Since you consulted the online version, omit the print date.
Write the full date as it appears on the source.
If a source has been published in multiple editions, cite the most recent publication date.

21. 9) Location. Depends on the medium of publication Examples:
Print sources can include a page number (p.) or numbers (pp.) to specify the location within a nested container.
Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) are sometimes attached to online sources and are more reliable than URLs.
URLs for online sources
MLA recommends the inclusion of hyperlinked URLS in the works cited list; follow your instructor’s rule for this.
Omit the “
Chan, Evans. “Postmodernism and Hong Kong Cinema.” Postmodern Culture, vol. 10, no. 3, May Project Muse, doi: /pmc
URLs are back and they are hyperlinked at the instructor’s discretion.
This can be a valuable tool for teachers as it will enable us to simply click and go to the source being documented.

22. 10) Optional elements
Your decision to include these elements depends on their importance to your use of the source.
Some of the optional elements can be added to the end of an entry while others may appear after the core elements that they relate to.

23. 10) Optional elements (continued)
Examples:
Date of original publication
City of publication
Other facts about the source (i.e., part of a multivolume publication, series name)
Unexpected type of work (i.e., transcript, lecture, resolution of Congress)
Date of access

24. Work cited: Modern Language Association of. America. MLA Handbook
Work cited: Modern Language Association of America. MLA Handbook. 8th ed., 2016, pp