1. SPECIALIZED CELLS

2. Recall…
CELLS are the basic unit of structure and function in living things

3. Level of Organization
Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ System
Organism

4. Levels of Organization

5. Specialized Cells
Organisms have many different types of cells and each has it’s own function.
each has physical and chemical differences suited to their functions.

6. Blood Cells Red blood cells White blood cells Platelets
Carries oxygen and carbon dioxide
White blood cells
Fight infection and disease
Also known as leukocytes
Derived from bone marrow
Platelets
Clotting

7. Epidermal (Skin) Cells
Overlap to provide protection and
reduce water loss
No blood vessels, nourished by
oxygen from air

8. Bone cells Collect calcium from food Allow for growth and repair
of bones
Help create the body’s skeleton

9. Muscle Cells Long and thin to help change size easily
Capable of contraction (shortening)
Function: Move muscles which move skeleton

10. Sperm Cells
Mobile cell with a flagellum (tail) and lots of mitochondria.
Nucleus is large proportion of the cell
Pointy front to penetrate egg
Function
Male gamete for sexual reproduction
Mitochondria provide the energy for mobility

11. Nerve Cell Long extensions that carry messages a long distance
through the body

12. Photophore Cells Cells that can emit light!
Found on animals that are active at night or deep ocean dwellers

13. Adipose (fat) Cells Spherical cell with large fat-filled vacuole
Nucleus pushed to edge.
Function: Fat storage-cell filled entirely with fat

14. Stem Cells
A cell that can differentiate into different cells (skin, liver, muscle, nerve, brain)
Capable of replicating themselves over long periods
Unspecialized

16. Embryonic Stem Cells Can become any cell in the adult body
Found in newly fertilized eggs or cells produced from the first couple of cell divisions (blastocyst)

17. Cord Blood Banking Umbilical Cord blood is rich with stem cells
can be stored in the event that a child would need it
Ex: Leukemia

18. Adult Stem Cells
Can only differentiate into a limited number of types of cells closely related to the stem cell type
Found in most organs in the body of adults to replace dead or damaged cells
Bone marrow can differentiate into WBC, RBC or platelets (ex: leukemia)

19. Homework
Pg 60 # 1-6 Review for quiz pg 64 #1-12 Pg 66 # 1-11,14,15,17,24