1. Gas Laws
The Behavior of matter

2. Compressibility
Realization: since there is usually volume around the molecules of a gas, gases are readily compressible.

3. Factors affecting Gas pressure
Amount of gas, volume, temperature

4. Boyle’s Law
If the temperature is constant, as pressure increases, the volume decreases.
P1V1 = P2V2

5. Charles’ Law
If pressure is constant, as temperature increases, volume increases
V1/T1 = V2/T2

6. Gay-Lussac’s Law
If volume constant, as temperature increases, pressure increases.
P1/T1 = P2/T2

7. Combined Gas Law
Single expression combining Boyle’s, Charles’, and Gay-Lussac’s Laws:
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
The only constant is the amount of gas (number of molecules)

8. Ideal Gas Law PV = nRT R: constant: 8.31 L·Pa/K·mol
n is the number of moles of gas
Real gases and ideal gases differ most at low temperatures and high pressures

9. Dalton’s law of partial pressures
Ptotal = P1 + P2 + P3 + …
Think parts of a whole pie

10. Graham’s Law of Effusion
Diffusion: the tendency of molecule to move from a zone of higher conc. to a zone of lower concentration
Effusion: the process of escaping through a small orifice in a container
Graham’s law: the rate of effusion is inversely proportional to the square root of the gas’s molar mass…this means that the lighter gases effuse faster than a heavier gas