1. Ancient Civilizations: India and China

2. I. Ancient Indian Civilization

3. India

4. Ancient Indian Civilization
Saudi Arabia
Ancient Indian Civilization
begins in the Indus River Valley

5. Indian climate
Monsoon-seasonal wind that brings large amounts of rain to India

6. Harappa- earliest Indian Valley civilization (Pakistan)
3300 BC

7. 2500 BC
Harappan Writing

8. Mohenjo-Daro- largest early Indian valley civilization
Near Pakistan
Had furnaces, sewers, running water
3-4 story apartment houses

9. The great bath at Mohenjo-Daro
3000 BC
The great bath at Mohenjo-Daro

10. Citadel- a fortress placed higher than the surrounding area

11. The Indo-Aryans in North India
Came into India from the North Mountain
passes and
conquered
the
Original
inhabitants

12. Caste System People are divided into different classes
Brahmins at top of caste system
Untouchables at the bottom of class system

13. Sanskrit- one of the earliest written languages -developed by people in India

14. The Vedas- sacred and holy writings of the ancient Indians

15. Hinduism Monism –all is God and God is all
Reincarnation-rebirth of the soul
Karma-what you do affects the next life
Brahma, Vishnu, and
Shiva – 3 main gods

16. Buddhism-another “Indian” religion

17. Buddha’s teachings The “enlightened One” 4 Noble truths
The eightfold path
Deny self
Nirvana is non-existence
Did not accept Hindu polytheism

18. The Spread of Buddhism along the Silk Road

19. Mauryan Empire
Emperor Asoka -
renounced
war after almost
unifying India because he became a Buddhist

20. Indian culture Suttee and polygamy
Lower castes live short, difficult lives
Upper classes are well off, well fed, educated, have more rights
Valued Education
Math – used Phi, number system of
1-9
Medical- used inoculation and
antiseptics

21. Suttee- last recorded case in 1987

22. II. Ancient Chinese Civilization

23. Gobi desert

24. The Huang He or Yellow River-
powerful, life giving and life taking

25. Chinese ancient civilizations
China’s history is dominated by rivers:
Huang He, Wei, Yangtze
1. Started off as Neolithic tribes farming in
river valleys
2. Small towns and cities developed
3. Grew into Five Kingdoms ruled by a single
family which is called a Dynasty

26. How to Outline Notes on 5 Chinese Dynasties

27. 1. Xia Dynasty
Until 1959, was considered a myth

28. 2. Shang Dynasty Invented silk
Learned to use kaolin clay to make ceramics or “china”
Writing based on pictures
Calligraphy
Spread Chinese
culture
across “China”

29. Shang artifacts

30. 3. Zhou Dynasty Mandate of Heaven- God gives the Emperor
the right to rule
Iron plow invented

31. Zhou warrior

32. 4. Qin or “Chin” Dynasty Shi Huangdi, established the first
centralized empire by
conquering all who objected
Code of Qin
Built Great Wall of China
Brutal and harsh autocracy (dictatorship)
“China” comes from his name

33. 210 BC
Shi Huangdi

34. Great Wall of China

35. 5. Han Dynasty Emperor Wu Di - expanded Chinese empire
into other parts
of Asia
Established Civil Service system
Pax Sinica
The Silk Road

36. Han fashion

37. 5 Chinese Dynasties Xia Shang Zhou Qin or Chin Han Mandate of Heaven
Was thought to be a myth
Silk. china
Mandate of Heaven
Built great wall
Brutal
Silk Road
calligraphy
Plow
“China” comes from Chin
Civil service

38. Chinese Philosophy Yin and Yang Dualism – two sides
Strive for Balance and Harmony
Three main philosophies to
deal with yin and yang
have come out of China

39. Confucius Wrote “The Analects” which was about creating Order
And Harmony among people and
governments
Family relations are number one
2. Respect one’s elders
Reverence for the past and one’s ancestors
4. Government should be virtuous
551 BC

40. Daoism Laozi-the first Hippie Contemplation of nature
Cease striving and strife
Rejection of politics
and materialism
Art as a means
to harmony and
balance

41. Legalism
Riches and power matter and should be sought by any means available
People are basically wicked and only harshness will be effective when dealing with them
Severe laws and punishment are necessary to maintain peace

42. Chinese Science First accurate 365 days per year calendar
Discovered sunspots
Invented seismograph
Invented paper, sundial, water clock, printing,
Acupressure and acupuncture
Excellent embalmers

43. Seismograph

44. Lady Dai Best preserved mummy in the world Died of heart attack
“Elixir of immortality”
440’s BC

45. The End