1. Sleep and Dreams

2. Why do we need sleep? Growth Maslow
Growth hormone released from pituitary gland during deep sleep
As you get older, less and less is released and adults spend less time in deep sleep
Maslow
Basic physiological need
What happens if we don’t get the sleep we need?
SLEEP

3. Effects of Sleep Deprivation
Fatigue
Immunity to disease
Hand tremor
Irritability
Inattention

4. Sleep Deprivation
Little effect for short, highly motivating tasks

5. Sleep Deprivation Randy Gardner:
11 days without sleep without obvious effects
World record
Peter Tripp:
200 hours without sleep
Day 2: visual illusions, couldn’t do simple math
Day 7: lost sense of identity, delusions of persecution

6. Case Study:
With your tablemates, go over the case study about Sleep Deprivation in College/University Students.
Answer the questions on the handout
Share with the class

7. Stages of Sleep NREM Stage 1: Light Sleep Stage 2:
Only lasts a few minutes
Hypnic jerks
Stage 2:
10-25 minutes
Sleep Spindles

8. Stages of Sleep NREM Stage 3 + 4: Slow-wave sleep Deeper form of sleep
30 minutes
Gradually moves back to the lighter sleep stages

9. Stages of Sleep REM Stage 5: is known as REM sleep
Irregular breathing and pulse rate
EEG looks like it does when a person is awake
Vivid dreams
First cycle REM sleep is only a few minutes, subsequent cycles progressively get longer up to minutes

10. “Problems in the Night”
Insomnia: Chronic problems getting adequate sleep
Falling asleep
Remaining asleep
Awake early
Causes:
Anxiety and stress
Health problems
Drugs
Sedatives

11. “Problems in the Night”
Sleep Apnea: person stops breathing for min of 10 seconds
Nightmares: vivid, anxiety-arousing dreams in REM
Night terrors: arousal from NREM where the person just has a feeling of panic
Somnambulism: sleep walking

12. Dreams and their Meaning
Psychoanalytic Perspective (Freud)
Hidden messages from our unconscious
Cognitive Perspective
A way to sort and organize the day’s events into memory

13. Sources
Sproule, Wayne. Our Social World: An Introduction to Anthropology, Psychology and Sociology. Toronto: Prentice Hall, 2001.
Weiten, Wayne and Doug McCann. Psychology: Themes and Variations. Toronto: Thomas Canada Limited, 2007.