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Characteristics of propofol-evoked vascular pain in anaesthetized rats
R Ando, C Watanabe British Journal of Anaesthesia Volume 95, Issue 3, Pages (September 2005) DOI: /bja/aei184 Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions
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Fig 1 A schematic diagram of recording and analytic methods for assessments of flexor reflex in rats. British Journal of Anaesthesia , DOI: ( /bja/aei184) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions
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Fig 2 The effect of increasing doses on i.a. propofol- and capsaicin-evoked rectified EMG (lower) in rats showing EMG value (mVs2), latency (s), and duration (s) for each dose (a, b, c) of propofol and capsaicin (upper). British Journal of Anaesthesia , DOI: ( /bja/aei184) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions
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Fig 3 The effects of pre-treatment with (a) procaine (i.a.) and (b) lidocaine (i.a.) on the i.a. propofol- (left) and capsaicin-evoked (right) EMG responses. **P<0.01 (n=6, Fisher's Protected LSD test). British Journal of Anaesthesia , DOI: ( /bja/aei184) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions
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Fig 4 Typical tracings of the effects of repeated i.a. injections (at 2-min intervals) of propofol (upper) and capsaicin (lower) on the flexor reflex in rats. British Journal of Anaesthesia , DOI: ( /bja/aei184) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions
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Fig 5 The effects of pre-treatment with morphine (5 mg kg−1, s.c.) and naloxone (1.5 mg kg−1, s.c.) on i.a. (a) propofol- and (b) capsaicin-evoked EMG responses. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, saline vs morphine; #P<0.01; +P<0.05, morphine vs morphine + naloxone; $P<0.01, saline vs morphine + naloxone (n=6, Fisher's Protected LSD test). British Journal of Anaesthesia , DOI: ( /bja/aei184) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions
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Fig 6 The effects of arterial pre-treatment with capsazepine (20 μg) on i.a. (a) propofol- and (b) capsaicin-evoked EMG responses. **P<0.01 vs 1% DMSO (n=6, Fisher's Protected LSD test). British Journal of Anaesthesia , DOI: ( /bja/aei184) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions
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Fig 7 The effects of pre-treatment with indomethacin (INDM, 10 mg kg−1, i.p.) on i.a. (a) propofol- and (b) capsaicin-evoked EMG responses. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2, 5 μg) was infused arterially 55 min after indomethacin treatment. **P<0.01 vs 0.5% TWEEN 80, indomethacin + prostaglandin E2 (n=5, Fisher's Protected LSD test). British Journal of Anaesthesia , DOI: ( /bja/aei184) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions
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Fig 8 The potentiating effects of arterial pre-infusion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2, 5 μg) on i.a. (a) propofol- and (b) capsaicin-evoked flexor reflex responses in rats. The upper illustrations are typical tracings of the rectified EMG. **P<0.01 vs capsaicin (n=5, Mann–Whitney U-test). British Journal of Anaesthesia , DOI: ( /bja/aei184) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions
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