1. Is available online to study!
Unit 4 Part 1 Test Review
Is available online to study!

2. Genes are located on _______________
Chromosomes
Chromosomes are long threads of tightly coiled _________
DNA
A section of a chromosome is a __________
Gene
The two types of genes are ________ & ______
Autosomal & Sex Chromosomes

3. What does diploid mean?
Containing both sets of chromosomes
What cells are diploid?
Body Cells (Somatic Cells)
Do these cells divide via Mitosis or Meiosis?
Mitosis
How are diploid cells represented? 2N

4. Mendel bred purebred’s in his first experiments
Mendel bred purebred’s in his first experiments. What does it mean to be purebred?
Homozygous
How did he grow only purebreds?
Allowed them to self-pollinate

5. These chromosomes are similar but not identical
These chromosomes are similar but not identical. One chromosome is obtained from each parent.
Homologous Chromosomes
A pair of homologous chromosomes is called a ________.
Tetrad

6. What is the major occurrence in Meiosis I?
Homologous chromosomes separate
What is the major occurrence in Meiosis II?
Sister chromatids separate
What happens during Prophase I of Meiosis?
Crossing Over
Is there an interphase between Meiosis I and Meiosis II? No
What is the end result of Meiosis?
4 Genetically Unique Haploid Cells

7. Your father’s gametes are called ___________.
Sperm
These sex cells contain 22 autosomes and _________.
Either an X or Y chromosome
Your mother’s gametes are called _______.
Eggs
These sex cells contain 22 autosomes and _____.
Only X chromosomes

8. Homozygous refers to ______________ alleles.
Same
Heterozygous refers to _____________ alleles.
Different
Dominant genes are always represented with a _____________ letter.
Uppercase
Recessive genes are always represented with a _________ letter.
Lowercase

9. A physical description like tall or blue eyes is an example of a _____________.
Phenotype
An organisms ____________ is represented by alleles.
Genotype
Example (Genotype-Phenotype)
TT- tall, Tt-tall, tt- short
HH- curly hair, Hh- wavy hair, hh-straight hair

10. What law states that organisms inherit two copies of each gene, but separate those copies before donating only one copy to each of their offspring?
Law of Segregation
What law states that some alleles are dominant and others are recessive?
Law of Dominance
What law states that the segregation of alleles of one trait does NOT affect the segregation of the alleles of another trait. (This law also explains genetic variation)
Law of Independent Assortment

11. A _____________ cross shows one trait.
Monohybrid
A ____________ cross shows two traits.
Dihybrid
What are the gametes for this genotype for a dihybrid cross: AaBB
AB, AB, aB, aB
What are the gametes for this genotype for a dihybrid cross: DdEe
DE, De, dE, de

12. A blue butterfly crossed with a yellow butterfly that produced green butterflies is an example of ________________.
Incomplete Dominance
A brown cow crossed with a white cow that produced brown and white spotted cows is an example of ________________.
Codominance
In the two examples above, both of their genotypes are _____________.
Heterozygous

13. Red-green color blindness and hemophilia are considered _________________.
Sex Linked Traits
This is because these genes are located on the ________ chromosomes.
Sex, X and Y chromosomes

14. BB-bald Bb- thin hair bb-hairy TT- tall Tt- average tt-short
Complete a Dihybrid Cross
BB-bald Bb- thin hair bb-hairy
TT- tall Tt- average tt-short
Show the cross between a woman with thin hair and tall height with a man that is hairy and short in height.
BbTT X bbtt
Show the genotypic and phenotypic ratios. bt BT
BbTt bT
bbTt