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Noun Declensions 1st: mostly feminine, with a few masculine.

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Presentation on theme: "Noun Declensions 1st: mostly feminine, with a few masculine."— Presentation transcript:

1 Noun Declensions 1st: mostly feminine, with a few masculine.
ancilla, poēta, aqua 2nd: masculine (-us) or neuter (-um) dominus, servus, templum, ātrium 3rd: all genders; usually with one stem in the nominative (with neuters, nominative and accusative) and another for the other cases leō, leōnis; mīles, mīlitis; custōs, custōdis 4th: masculine (-us) and neuter (-ū) gradus, portus, cornu 5th: feminine, except for diēs, which can be masculine or feminine

2 Dictionary Entries The dictionary will give you the nominative singular, genitive singular and gender of a noun. To save space, the genitive singular can be abbreviated: ancilla, ancillae f. OR ancilla, -ae f. dominus, dominī m. OR dominus, dominī m. mīles, mīlitis m. OR mīles, -itis m. The genitive singular lets you know how the stem changes in a 3rd declension noun and also tells you if a noun in –us is 2nd or 4th declension servus, -ī m. v. portus, -ūs m. The vocabulary at the back of Cambridge Book 1 gives you the accusative singular instead because the genitive is not introduced until Book 2.

3 General Tips The accusative singular in masculine and feminine nouns always ends in –m dominum, ancillam, mercātōrem The accusative plural of masculine and feminine nouns always ends in -s dominōs, ancillās, montēs The genitive plural always ends in -um dominōrum, ancillārum, montium The dative and ablative plural are always the same and end in –īs or –bus cum ancillīs, cum dominīs, sine mīlitibus, omnibus crēdite The neuter nominative and accusative are always the same forum est pulchrum, forum spectāmus The neuter nominative/accusative plural always ends in –a computātra nōn sunt animālia (so a word ending in –a isn’t always a singular, 1st declension noun)

4 1st declension: ancilla, -ae (f.)
Singular Plural Nominative ancilla ancillae Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative

5 1st declension: ancilla, -ae (f.)
Singular Plural Nominative ancilla ancillae Genitive ancillārum Dative Accusative Ablative

6 1st declension: ancilla, -ae (f.)
Singular Plural Nominative ancilla ancillae Genitive ancillārum Dative ancillīs Accusative Ablative

7 1st declension: ancilla, -ae (f.)
Singular Plural Nominative ancilla ancillae Genitive ancillārum Dative ancillīs Accusative ancillam ancillās Ablative

8 1st declension: ancilla, -ae (f.)
Singular Plural Nominative ancilla ancillae Genitive ancillārum Dative ancillīs Accusative ancillam ancillās Ablative ancillā

9 2nd declension: dominus, -ī (m.)
Singular Plural Nominative dominus dominī Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative

10 2nd declension: dominus, -ī (m.)
Singular Plural Nominative dominus dominī Genitive dominōrum Dative Accusative Ablative

11 2nd declension: dominus, -ī (m.)
Singular Plural Nominative dominus dominī Genitive dominōrum Dative dominō dominīs Accusative Ablative

12 2nd declension: dominus, -ī (m.)
Singular Plural Nominative dominus dominī Genitive dominōrum Dative dominō dominīs Accusative dominum dominōs Ablative

13 2nd declension: dominus, -ī (m.)
Singular Plural Nominative dominus dominī Genitive dominōrum Dative dominō dominīs Accusative dominum dominōs Ablative

14 2nd declension: templum, -ī (n.)
Singular Plural Nominative templum templa Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative

15 2nd declension: templum, -ī (n.)
Singular Plural Nominative templum templa Genitive templī templōrum Dative Accusative Ablative

16 2nd declension: templum, -ī (n.)
Singular Plural Nominative templum templa Genitive templī templōrum Dative templō templīs Accusative Ablative

17 2nd declension: templum, -ī (n.)
Singular Plural Nominative templum templa Genitive templī templōrum Dative templō templīs Accusative Ablative

18 2nd declension: templum, -ī (n.)
Singular Plural Nominative templum templa Genitive templī templōrum Dative templō templīs Accusative Ablative

19 3rd declension: leō, leōnis (m.)
Singular Plural Nominative leō leōnēs Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative

20 3rd declension: leō, leōnis (m.)
Singular Plural Nominative leō leōnēs Genitive leōnis leōnum Dative Accusative Ablative

21 3rd declension: leō, leōnis (m.)
Singular Plural Nominative leō leōnēs Genitive leōnis leōnum Dative leōnī leōnibus Accusative Ablative

22 3rd declension: leō, leōnis (m.)
Singular Plural Nominative leō leōnēs Genitive leōnis leōnum Dative leōnī leōnibus Accusative leōnem Ablative

23 3rd declension: leō, leōnis (m.)
Singular Plural Nominative leō leōnēs Genitive leōnis leōnum Dative leōnī leōnibus Accusative leōnem Ablative leōne

24 3rd declension: nōmen, nōminis (n.)
Singular Plural Nominative nōmen nōmina Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative

25 3rd declension: nōmen, nōminis (n.)
Singular Plural Nominative nōmen nōmina Genitive nōminis nōminum Dative Accusative Ablative

26 3rd declension: nōmen, nōminis (n.)
Singular Plural Nominative nōmen nōmina Genitive nōminis nōminum Dative nōminī nōminibus Accusative Ablative

27 3rd declension: nōmen, nōminis (n.)
Singular Plural Nominative nōmen nōmina Genitive nōminis nōminum Dative nōminī nōminibus Accusative Ablative

28 3rd declension: nōmen, nōminis (n.)
Singular Plural Nominative nōmen nōmina Genitive nōminis nōminum Dative nōminī nōminibus Accusative Ablative nōmine

29 3rd declension: SeXy nouns
3rd declension adjectives ending in –s or–x with the same number of syllables in nominative and genitive singular (e.g cīvis, cīvis, citizen; ignis, ignis, fire) or with a one-syllable nominative singular and a stem for the genitive ending in two consonants (urbs, urbis or nox, noctis) have the genitive plural in –ium: e,g, civium, urbium These nouns also have an alternative accusative plural ending in –īs (e.g. cīvīs videō or cīvēs videō, I see the citizens). This ending, rarely used in beginners’ books, is quite common in Latin literature. If the nominative and genitive singular are exactly the same, the ablative singular can end in –ī as well as in –e (e.g. cum cīvī or cum cīve (with a citizen), sine ignī or sine igne (without fire))

30 3rd declension: civis, civis (m., f.)
Singular Plural Nominative cīvis cīvēs Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative

31 3rd declension: civis, civis (m., f.)
Singular Plural Nominative cīvis cīvēs Genitive cīvium Dative Accusative Ablative

32 3rd declension: civis, civis (m., f.)
Singular Plural Nominative cīvis cīvēs Genitive cīvium Dative cīvī cīvibus Accusative Ablative

33 3rd declension: civis, civis (m., f.)
Singular Plural Nominative cīvis cīvēs Genitive cīvium Dative cīvī cīvibus Accusative cīvem cīvēs or cīvīs Ablative

34 3rd declension: civis, civis (m., f.)
Singular Plural Nominative cīvis cīvēs Genitive cīvium Dative cīvī cīvibus Accusative cīvem cīvēs or cīvīs Ablative cīve or civī

35 3rd declension: neuter nouns with –ia plural
Neuter nouns ending in –e, -al or –ar (e.g. mare, maris, sea; animal, animālis, animal) also have genitive plural nominative in –ium They have nominative and accusative plural in –ia Their ablative singular ALWAYS ends in -ī

36 3rd declension: mare, maris (m., f.)
Singular Plural Nominative mare maria Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative

37 3rd declension: mare, maris (m., f.)
Singular Plural Nominative mare maria Genitive maris marium Dative Accusative Ablative

38 3rd declension: mare, maris (m., f.)
Singular Plural Nominative mare maria Genitive maris marium Dative marī maribus Accusative Ablative

39 3rd declension: mare, maris (m., f.)
Singular Plural Nominative mare maria Genitive maris marium Dative marī maribus Accusative Ablative

40 3rd declension: mare, maris (m., f.)
Singular Plural Nominative mare maria Genitive maris marium Dative marī maribus Accusative Ablative

41 4th declension: gradus, gradūs (m.)
Singular Plural Nominative gradus gradūs Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative

42 4th declension: gradus, gradūs (m.)
Singular Plural Nominative gradus gradūs Genitive graduum Dative Accusative Ablative

43 4th declension: gradus, gradūs (m.)
Singular Plural Nominative gradus gradūs Genitive graduum Dative graduī gradibus Accusative Ablative

44 4th declension: gradus, gradūs (m.)
Singular Plural Nominative gradus gradūs Genitive graduum Dative graduī gradibus Accusative gradum Ablative

45 4th declension: gradus, gradūs (m.)
Singular Plural Nominative gradus gradūs Genitive graduum Dative graduī gradibus Accusative gradum Ablative gradū

46 4th declension: cornū, cornūs (n.)
Singular Plural Nominative cornū cornua Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative

47 4th declension: cornū, cornūs (n.)
Singular Plural Nominative cornū cornua Genitive cornūs cornuum Dative Accusative Ablative

48 4th declension: cornū, cornūs (n.)
Singular Plural Nominative cornū cornua Genitive cornūs cornuum Dative cornu(ī) cornibus Accusative Ablative

49 4th declension: cornū, cornūs (n.)
Singular Plural Nominative cornū cornua Genitive cornūs cornuum Dative cornu(ī) cornibus Accusative Ablative

50 4th declension: cornū, cornūs (n.)
Singular Plural Nominative cornū cornua Genitive cornūs cornuum Dative cornu(ī) cornibus Accusative Ablative

51 5th declension: rēs, reī (f.)
Singular Plural Nominative rēs Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative

52 5th declension: rēs, reī (f.)
Singular Plural Nominative rēs Genitive reī rērum Dative Accusative Ablative

53 5th declension: rēs, reī (f.)
Singular Plural Nominative rēs Genitive reī rērum Dative rēbus Accusative Ablative

54 5th declension: rēs, reī (f.)
Singular Plural Nominative rēs Genitive reī rērum Dative rēbus Accusative rem Ablative

55 5th declension: rēs, reī (f.)
Singular Plural Nominative rēs Genitive reī rērum Dative rēbus Accusative rem Ablative rē

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