1. HEALTH SCIENCES: BIOMED CENTRAL Open Access Databases Dr.S.C.Jindal
University of Delhi
Delhi-India

2. What is Open Access?

3. BioMed Central Open Access Charter
All published peer-reviewed research articles in BioMed Central journals are
Universally, freely accessible through Internet
In readable format
Immediately deposited in an international Open Access repository
eg PubMed Central
Authors/copyright owners must irrevocably grant to anyone the right to use, reproduce or disseminate the research article in its entirety or in part in perpetuity provided that
No substantive errors are introduced
Authorship attribution is correct
Citation details are provided
Bibliographic details are unchanged
A peculiar model

4. Open Access Publishing: Basics
No subscription barriers
Journal costs covered by
Article Processing Charges
Typically paid by author's funder /institution
and/or
Direct Institutional support of Journal

5. Why Open Access?

6. Traditional Scientific Publishing
Researchers
Conduct research
Write up results
Submit papers to Journals
Other researchers
Act as peer reviewers and editorial advisers
Publishers sell access to that research back to scientific community
A peculiar model

7. Limitations of this Model
Contrary to the interests of:
Scientists doing research
Access, especially across disciplines, and in low income countries, is limited
Funders who pay for it
Often have no rights to access their own research articles
Society as a whole
Public has almost no access

8. BioMed Central
Independant publisher of peer-reviewed open access research
Launched first open access journals in 2000
Now publishing over 150 open access journals
Over 12,000 peer-reviewed open access articles published
Costs covered by ‘Article Processing Charge’
Typically £750/$1300 or
Membership
All research articles covered by Creative Commons licence
Allowing free re-use
Reuse

10. BioMed Central Publishing
All papers
Peer-reviewed in the ‘traditional’ way
All papers are permanently archived in PubMed Central, INIST and other international archives
Searchable and retrievable
All included in PubMed, Scirus, Google, CrossRef, HINARI
Some journals
Indexed in MEDLINE, Biosis, CAS
Tracked by ISI for citations
33 tracked
15 with impact factors

11. BioMed Central Journals
60 BMC series journals
run by an in-house editorial team
cover all areas of Biology and Medicine
e.g. BMC Genetics, BMC Immunology, BMC Cancer
70+ independant journals
run by external groups of scientists or societies
e.g. Malaria Journal, Respiratory Research, Retrovirology
Other titles which publish subscription-only commissioned content in addition to OA research
Arthritis Research & Therapy, Genome Biology, Breast Cancer Research, Critical Care

13. Journals with Impact Factors
BMC Bioinformatics impact factor: 5.42
Respiratory Research impact factor: 4.03
Arthritis Research & Therapy impact factor: 4.55
BMC Genomics impact factor: 3.25
Critical Care impact factor: 3.21
BMC Molecular Biology impact factor: 3.12
Breast Cancer Research impact factor: 2.98
BMC Cell Biology impact factor: 2.62
BMC Cancer impact factor: 2.29
BMC Infectious Diseases impact factor: 2.07
BMC Public Health impact factor: 1.55
BMC Health Services Research impact factor: 1.23
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders impact factor: 1.00
BMC Genetics impact factor: 0.92
Trials impact factor: 1.70

14. Journals awaiting Impact Factors
BMC Biotechnology impact factor due June 2007
BMC Evolutionary Biology impact factor due June 2006
BMC Gastroenterology impact factor due June 2006
BMC Medical Genetics impact factor due June 2008
BMC Microbiology impact factor due June 2007
BMC Neuroscience impact factor due June 2006
Journal of Translational Medicine impact factor due June 2008
BMC Plant Biology impact factor due June 2008
Retrovirology impact factor due June 2009
Malaria Journal impact factor due June 2006
Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology impact factor due June 2008
Genome Biology impact factor due June 2006
BMC Developmental Biology impact factor due June 2008
BMC Immunology impact factor due June 2008
BMC Neurology impact factor due June 2008
BMC Structural Biology impact factor due June 2008
Microbial Cell Factories impact factor due June 2008

15. Citation and Downloads
“Open access articles receive 50% more full-text accesses and PDF downloads than subscription-access articles.”
Kenneth R. Fulton, PNAS Publisher
Independant study by CIBER found
“Senior authors believe downloads to be more credible measure of the usefulness of research then traditional citations.”

16. 3.5 million page views a month

18. Metrics: Trend in Submissions

19. Most Viewed Articles

20. Visibility on BioMed Central
500,000 registrants
450,000 unique users per month
280,000+ BioMed Central update recipients
5 million page views per month
2 million article downloads per month
Average article downloaded >1100 times in first 3 months
Inforsense pipelines

21. Growth in Article Accesses

24. Authors

25. Authors Embracing OA
Research community is now much aware of open access
Up 10 percentage points from 2004
Fall in authors knowing nothing at all about open access (down 25 percentage points)
Authors publishing in OA up from 11% (2004) to 29% (2005)
Independant study by CIBER:

26. What do Authors like about BioMed Central?
Speed with which article is included in PubMed/other abstracting/indexing services
Final appearance of article
Helpfulness of editorial staff
Speed of online manuscript submission system
Over 90% of authors would recommend to a colleague

27. Quotes from Author Survey
“You have the best online submission system I have used until now.”
BMC Bioinformatics author, Germany
“The submission process is the simplest to navigate through. Congratulations!”
BMC Pharmacology author, Canada
“The submission process is extremely user friendly and excellent.”
Mohamed Mitwally, USA
“Submission on line was excellent and easy to do. Congratulations on getting this right. Good work!”
Arthritis Research & Therapy author, New Zealand
“I hugely appreciate the ability to use powerpoint files for submission! Generally an extremely easy system to use.”
BMC Cancer author, UK “I could not be more pleased with the process. I look forward to publishing in open access journals in the future.”
BMC Evolutionary Biology author, USA
“I am very pleased with the ease of submission. I love that the copyright remains in my hands so that I can use my figures etc as I wish.”
Journal of Translational Medicine author, Germany
Key to success is to keep it this way, and make sure all authors have this good an experience…

29. Making it Pay: the Economics of Open Access Publishing

30. Macro-economics Open access publishing involves no new costs
From the perspective of the research community as a whole, switching to an Open Access publishing model is affordable and desirable, as it
Costs no more than the current model
Delivers more (universal access and reuse)

31. Micro-economics
Library budgets already stretched, paying the costs of the current publishing model through subscriptions
Costs of traditional system are mostly invisible to authors, whereas article processing charges are an obstacle for authors
During a transitional period, moves towards open access may involve additional costs
We hear from librarians – we desperately want to support open access, but we have to pay $1m to Elsevier this year, so we don't know where the money is going to come from
Librarians are on a treadmill which is moving too fast to get off

32. Paying for Open Access: examples
Reuse

33. Who Pays the Cost of Publication?
Some BioMed Central journals cover the cost of publication themselves
Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry
Chinese Medicine
Chiropractic & Osteopathy
For other BioMed Central journals, payment typically comes from the authors funder or institution

34. Government EC Report calls for change in science publishing
Set up EU policy mandating EC-funded research to be made open access
Aim at a level playing field
Allocate money to libraries for subscription journals and for author pays journals
House of Commons(UK) Inquiry into Scientific Publishing
UK research funding bodies mandate free access to all their research findings
Research Councils each establish a fund to which their funded researchers can apply should they wish to publish their articles using the author-pays model

35. Institutional Membership
Two basic models for institutions
Full membership
Institution agrees to pay for every article published by one of their authors, at a discounted rate
Supporters' membership
Institution pays a flat rate, and in return, authors get a discount, but must still organize payment of their own APCs

36. Funding Agencies

37. Funding Agencies (Cont)

38. Institutional membership
More than 400 institutions are members of BioMed Central, including, to name just a few:
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
National Institutes of Health
National Institute for Medical Research
NHS England
Princeton University
Rockefeller University
TIGR
TSRI
Tufts University
Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
University of Wisconsin
World Health Organization
Yale University
CalTech
Cancer Research UK
Columbia University
Cornell University
University of California
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Harvard University
INSERM
Imperial College
Institut Pasteur
John Innes Centre
Johns Hopkins University
Kyoto University
Max Planck Institutes
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

39. Societies Launching open access journals with BioMed Central:
Geochemical Transactions - Geochemistry Division of the American Chemical Society
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica - Veterinary Associations of the Nordic Countries
Chiropractic & Osteopathy - Chiropractic & Osteopathic College of Australasia
Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases - subunit of INSERM
Chinese Medicine - International Society of Chinese Medicine
Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research - Chinese Speaking Orthopaedic Society
BioPsychoSocial Medicine - Japanese Society of Psychosomatic Medicine

40. Funders that Explicitly Allow APCs to be Paid from Grants
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Canada) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (Spain) Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (Italy) Danmarks Grundforskningsfond (Denmark) Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Germany) Fondazione Telethon (Italy) Fonds zur Forderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung (Austria) Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (Belgium) Health Research Board (Ireland)
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US) International Human Frontier Science Program Organization (International) Israel Science Foundation (Israel) National Health Service (UK) National Institutes of Health (US) National Science Foundation (US) Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (Netherlands) Rockefeller Foundation (US) South African Medical Research Council (South Africa) Suomen Akatemia (Finland) Swiss National Science Foundation (Switzerland) Vetenskapsrådet (Sweden) Wellcome Trust (UK)

41. Traditional Publishers

42. BioMed Central's Article Processing Charges
These figures exclude those articles where fees are waived. High percentage of publications from members reflects success of membership scheme. Supporter's membership is a relatively recent innovation