1. Kinds of Plants Nonvascular Plants Seedless Vascular Plants
Nonflowering Seed Plants
Flowering Seed Plants

2. I. Nonvascular Plants
*do not have a vascular system for
transporting water and other nutrients
within their bodies
*they lack true roots, stems, and leaves
(true roots, stems, and leaves contain
vascular tissue)

3. Key Features:
1. small – water and nutrients are transported within the plant by osmosis and diffusion, which can move material only short distances therefore limiting their size
2. require water for sexual reproduction – must be covered by a film of water in order for fertilization to occur

4. Examples of Nonvascular Plants:
mosses (Phylum Bryophyta) – most have a cuticle, stomata, and some simple conducting cells
liverworts (Phylum Hepatophyta) – have no cuticle, stomata, or conducting cells
hornworts (Phylum Anthocerophyta) – no conducting cells, but have both stomata and a cuticle

5. Moss
Hornwort
Liverwort

6. II. Seedless Vascular Plants
Key Features:
1. vascular system – have a xylem and phloem; have true roots, stems ,and leaves
2. no seeds are produced
3. drought resistance spores – spores have thick walls resistant to drying

7. Examples of Seedless Vascular Plants:
ferns (Phylum Pterophyta) – are sporophtes that have a rhizome(underground stem) that is anchored by roots and leaves called fronds
club mosses (Phylum Lycophyta) – unlike true mosses, they have roots, stems, and leaves
horsetails (Phylum Sphenophyta) – have roots, stems, and leaves
whisk ferns (Phylum Psilophyta) – have highly branched stems and no leaves or roots

8. Fern
Horsetail
Club Moss
Whisk Fern

9. III. Non-Flowering Seed Plants:
Gymnosperms
*are seed plants whose seeds do
not develop within a sealed
container (a fruit)
Greek words: gymos – naked
sperma – seed

10. Key Features:
1. “naked” seeds
2. no flowers are produced
3. wind pollination

11. Examples of Gymnosperms:
conifers (Phylum Coniferophyta) – pines, junipers
cycads (Phylum Cycadophyta) –short stems & palm like leaves
ginkgo (Phylum Ginkgophyta)
gnetophytes (Phylum Gnetophyta)

12. Cycad
Conifer
Ginkgo
Gnetophyte

13. IV. Flowering Seed Plants:
Angiosperms
*flowering seed plants that produce seeds that develop within an enclosed specialized structure called a fruit
Greek words: angeion – case
sperma – seed

14. Key Features:
1. flowers
2. fruit
3. endosperms – stored food

15. Examples of Angiosperms:
monocots – flowering plants that produce seeds with one seed leaf (cotyledon) ex: iris, lily, grass aloe vera, wheat, corn
dicots – flowering plants that produce seeds with two seed leaves (cotyledons) ex:; daisies, roses, lettuce, beans

16. Dicots
Monocots

17. NONVASCULAR PLANTS

18. Complete the following chart by checking
all that apply for each organism.
Organism
Vascular
System
Roots
Seeds
Flowers
mosses
ferns
conifers
flowering
plants

19. Complete the following chart by checking
all that apply for each organism.
Organism
Vascular
System
Roots
Seeds
Flowers
mosses
ferns
conifers
flowering
plants