1. Active and Bulk Transport

2. Active Transport
After digestion, nutrients (eg. Glucose) are absorbed into our cells
Uses energy to ‘pump’ molecules from place to place
Diffusion cannot be used because it would stop when the cell reached dynamic equilibrium

3. The molecule is pumped against the concentration gradient by membrane channels
These channels need ATP (energy molecule) to work

4. Sodium/ Potassium Pumps
Na+/K+ Pump
Very important in muscle and nerve cells
Allows for muscle contractions and for nerve messages to travel from cell to cell

6. Bulk Transport
The movement of large quantities of molecules in and out of cells (requires ATP)

7. Endocytosis Movement of molecules INTO the cell
Can be solids (phagocytosis) or liquids (pinocytosis)
Vesicles (sacs) are formed around the food or liquid and carry it from the cell membrane through the cytoplasm

9. Exocytosis Movement of molecules OUT of the cell (ex. Hormones)
A secretory vesicle forms around the molecule and carries it out of the cell