1. Presenter Muhammad Hamza Javed (MS Scholar at DBA, BZU Sahiwal)
Impact of Leverage and Risk Exposure on Financial Performance in SMEs of Northern Punjab
Presenter
Muhammad Hamza Javed
(MS Scholar at DBA, BZU Sahiwal)
Co-Authors
Javed Iqbal, Dr. Moeed Ahmad, Dr. Muhammad Abbas and Dr. Waris Ali
Lecturer, Bahauddin Zakariya University, IMS, Multan
Assistant Professor, Bahauddin Zakariya University, IMS, Multan
Assistant Professor at DBA, Air University, Sub Campus Multan
Assistant Professor at DBA, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Sub Campus Sahiwal

2. Introduction (Cont.) Overview
Why “Impact of Leverage and Risk Exposure on Financial Performance in SMEs”
Variables of Study
Leverage
Profitability
Risk

3. Introduction (Cont.) Independent Variables of Study
Degree of Financial Leverage
Degree of Operating Leverage
Degree of Combined Leverage
Dependent Variables of Study
Return on Equity
Return on Assets
Return on Sales
Gross Margin
Risk (SD of ROE)

4. Introduction (Cont.) Sectors of Study Small Enterprises
Medium Enterprises
Commercial Sector
Literature Review
Research Gap

5. Material and Methodology
Model

6. Material and Methodology (Cont.)
Problem Statement
Study Objective
Study Significance
Hypothesis
Sample Size
Data Collection Approaches

7. Results

8. Conclusion Results Are Significant With Control Variable
Sector Wise Results
Year Wise Results
Mutual Results
Reforms Needed From Govt.

9. Thank you for your patience and attention..!