1. BELL RINGER
What is the largest single cell on earth?

2. Largest Single Cell on Earth?
Ostrich Egg

3. The Cell

4. The discovery of cells…
In late 1600s, an English scientist, Robert Hooke used a primitive microscope to look at a very tiny slice of cork. He noticed that the cork was made up of "a great many of little boxes" and he called those little boxes "cells".

5. All living things are made of cells.
The Cell Theory
All living things are made of cells.
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.
New cells are produced from existing cells.

6. Number of Cells REVIEW
Although ALL living things are made of cells, organisms may be:
Unicellular – composed of one cell
Multicellular- composed of many cells that may organize into tissues, etc.

7. Types of Cells
Cells, the basic units of organisms, can only be observed under microscope
Three Basic types of cells include:
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Bacterial Cell

8. Cell Structure and Function

9. Prokaryote
Cell without a nucleus.
Example: Bacteria

10. Eukaryote
Cell with a nucleus.
Example: Plant and Animals Cells

11. Organelles: Perform various functions inside the cell
Organelles: Perform various functions inside the cell. “little organs” Human Body Analogy

12. Animal Cell Mitochondria (bean with Bacon) (attached) Ribosome
Centrioles
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Nuclear
membrane
Rough
endoplasmic
Reticulum (ER)
Golgi apparatus
Smooth
Mitochondria
Cell
Membrane
Ribosome
(free)
(attached)
Mitochondria (bean with Bacon)

13. Plant Cell Chloroplast (bean with burgers) Smooth endoplasmic Vacuole
Nuclear
membrane
Ribosome
(attached)
(free)
Smooth endoplasmic
Reticulum (ER)
Nucleus
Rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Nucleolus
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondria
Cell wall
Cell
Membrane
Chloroplast
Vacuole
Chloroplast (bean with burgers)

14. Attention: You will need to know the organelles their analogies and their functions for the next test.

15. Cell Membrane
Controls the passage of materials in and out of the cell.
Phospholipid bilayer
“Front Door”

16. Cytoplasm (not an organelle- but important)
Fluid portion of
cell where organelles live.
“Floors/foundation”

17. Cytoskeleton (Microtubules)
Framework of
the cell. Holds organelles in place
“Support Beams”

18. Nucleus The control center of the cell. DNA is stored here.
“Supervisor”

19. Nucleolus
Makes ribosomes inside the nucleus
“Factory Workers”

20. Ribosomes Where Protein synthesis takes place
Ribosomes are “free” and/or “attached” to the E.R.
“Machines”

21. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Transports materials throughout the cell.
“Conveyor Belt”

22. Golgi Apparatus
The protein packaging and transport center of the cell.
“Shipping Department”

23. Mitochondria
Converts Glucose to ATP ENERGY!!!
“Powerhouse!”

24. Lysosome (Animal cells only)
Contains special enzymes for digestion in the cell.
“Custodians”

25. Vacuole (Large in plant cell)
Storage for
water and food.
“Storage Closet”

26. Cell Wall (Bacteria and plant cells)
Rigid and strong wall.
Protects and maintains the shape of the cell.
“Outer Wall”

27. Chloroplast (Plant Cell Only)
Where Photosynthesis takes place. Converts Sunlight to Glucose
“Solar Panels”

28. Centrioles
Manages Cell Division
“Secretary”

29. Bell Ringer:
If a microscope has an eyepiece (x10), Low Power (x20) and High Power (x35)…what would the total magnification be for Low and High Power
Are the cells in an elephant bigger, smaller, or about the same size as those in a mouse?
What is the largest Cell on Earth?