1. Combined arm stretch positioning and neuromuscular electrical stimulation during rehabilitation does not improve range of motion, shoulder pain or function in patients after stroke: a randomised trial 
Lex D. de Jong, Pieter U. Dijkstra, Johan Gerritsen, Alexander C.H. Geurts, Klaas Postema 
Journal of Physiotherapy 
Volume 59, Issue 4, Pages (December 2013)
DOI: /S (13)
Copyright © 2013 Australian Physiotherapy Association Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Experimental and control arm muscle stretch positions and electrode placements. (a) The intervention used by experimental group participants with sufficient shoulder external rotation to achieve the position. (b) The intervention used by experimental group participants with insufficient shoulder external rotation. (c) The control (ie, sham) intervention.
Journal of Physiotherapy  , DOI: ( /S (13) )
Copyright © 2013 Australian Physiotherapy Association Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
Design and flow of participants through the trial. aAll reasons for exclusion are listed where patients were ineligible for multiple reasons. bIncluding multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, locked-in syndrome, recurrent stroke, and participation in another trial. NMES = neuromuscular electrical stimulation. cOne participant from each group dropped out after randomisation but before receiving any intervention. dUnrelated to stroke. eOne participant missed the Week 4 assessment due to poor weather. fOne participant missed the Week 8 assessment due to recurrent stroke but was subsequently available for the Week 20 follow-up assessment.
Journal of Physiotherapy  , DOI: ( /S (13) )
Copyright © 2013 Australian Physiotherapy Association Terms and Conditions